Patañjali Yoga Sūtra 2.19
विशेषाविशेषलिङ्गमात्रालिङ्गानि गुणपर्वाणि ||19||
The developmental stages of the guṇa (guṇa-parvāṇi | nom pl) [are] the particularised [gross evolutes], the unparticularised [subtle evolutes], the merely marked [buddhi], and the unmarked [prakṛti] (viśeṣāviśeṣa-liṅga-mātrāliṅgāni | nom pl).
Explore a bodily sensation from what can be clearly named (viśeṣa) to its subtlest, still unformed trace (aliṅga). Between them lies a whole spectrum that you do not have to explain immediately.
The Vyāsa-Bhāṣya divides the unfolding of the guṇa into four levels:
- Viśeṣa: the five gross elements, ten faculties and manas.
- Aviśeṣa: the five tanmātra and asmitā.
- Liṅga-mātra: mahat, the first merely marked manifestation.
- Aliṅga: unmanifest and unmarked pradhāna.
The three manifest levels arise for the sake of puruṣa and are impermanent. Unmarked pradhāna, by contrast, is regarded as unproduced; the guṇa themselves do not perish but appear to arise and disappear through their changing manifestations.
The divisions (of condition) of the qualities are (1) the diverse, (2) the non-diverse, (3) the merely (once) resolvable and (4) the irresolvable.
The specific and the unspecific, the solely mergent, and the non-mergent—are the stages of the Attributes.
Die Viśeṣa’s [nach Vyāsa: die groben Elemente, indriya und Manas], die Aviśeṣa’s [die Tanmātra’s und der Ahaṃkāra], das nur Erschließbare [die Buddhi] und das Unerschließbare [die nur durch Analogie, sāmānyato dṛṣṭam, erkennbare prakṛti] sind die Gliederungen der guṇa.
The particularized and the unparticularized [forms] and the resoluble only [into primary matter] and irresoluble <1> - primary-matter —are the divisions of the aspects (guṇa).
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