PJH 20: Alles ist Śiva
PJH 20: Alles ist Śiva

The fruit of a fully awakened and liberated Awareness

Sūtra 20 gives us a fascinating description of a fully awakened and liberated Awareness. This is the fruit we harvest when, through the means described before, we enter again and again into Samādhi and complete I-ness (pūrṇāhaṃtā).

Dr. Ronald Steiner Dr. Ronald Steiner Bärbel Münchow Bärbel Münchow
Pratyabhijñāhṛdaya 20
तदा प्रकाशानन्दसारमहामन्त्रवीर्यात्मकपूर्णाहंतावेशात्सदा सर्वसर्गसंहारकारिनिजसंविद्देवताचक्रेश्वरताप्राप्तिर्भवतीति शिवम् ||20||
tadā prakāśānanda-sāra-mahā-mantra-vīryātmaka-pūrṇāhaṃtāveśāt sadā sarva-sarga-saṃhāra-kāri-nija-saṃvid-devatā-cakreśvaratā-prāptir bhavatīti śivam ||20|| Analysis ▾ Analysis ▴
tadā
adverb
then
prakāśa
dvandva-compound
substantive masculine
radiance, disclosure
ānanda
tatpuruṣa-compound genitive
substantive masculine
of joy, of bliss
sāra
karmadhāraya-compound
substantive masculine
having as essence, at its core
mahat
karmadhāraya-compound
adjective
great, mighty
mantra
tatpuruṣa-compound genitive
substantive masculine
of the mantra, of mantras
vīrya
tatpuruṣa-compound genitive
substantive neuter
of power, efficacy
ātmaka
karmadhāraya-compound
adjective
of the nature of, identical with
pūrṇa
karmadhāraya-compound
adjective
complete, all-encompassing
ahaṃtā
tatpuruṣa-compound lokative
substantive feminine
into I-ness, into I-consciousness
āveśāt
ablative singular
substantive masculine
through immersion, owing to being permeated
sadā
adverb
always, constantly
sarva
karmadhāraya-compound
pronoun quant
all, every
sarga
dvandva-compound
substantive masculine
emanation, creation
saṃhāra
tatpuruṣa-compound accusative
substantive masculine
withdrawal, dissolution
kārin
upapada-compound
adjective
effecting, performing
nija
karmadhāraya-compound
adjective
own, innate
saṃvid
tatpuruṣa-compound genitive
substantive feminine
of awareness
devatā
tatpuruṣa-compound genitive
substantive feminine
of the deities
cakra
tatpuruṣa-compound lokative
substantive neuter
over the circle, in the circle
īśvaratā
tatpuruṣa-compound genitive
substantive feminine
of lordship, sovereignty
prāptiḥ
nominative singular
substantive feminine
attainment, achievement
bhavati
3rd person singular aktive present
verbal root
it arises, is attained
iti
particle
thus, so
śivam
nominative singular neuter
adjective
Śiva, auspicious
Then (tadā), through immersion in the complete I-ness whose essence is illumination and joy and whose nature is the potency of the great mantra (prakāśa-ānanda-sāra-mahā-mantra-vīrya-ātmaka-pūrṇa-ahaṃtā-āveśāt | abl sg), there comes (bhavati | 3p sg act pres) the attainment of sovereignty over one's own circle of Awareness-deities, which continually performs all manifestation and reabsorption (sadā sarva-sarga-saṃhāra-kāri-nija-saṃvid-devatā-cakra-īśvaratā-prāptiḥ | nom sg); thus (iti) [all is] Śiva (śivam | nom sg n).
Dr. Ronald Steiner - 2026 - historically literal
When the narrow I expands, it need not become bigger; it becomes more permeable to the whole. Creating and releasing can then appear as movements of the same living Awareness.
Dr. Ronald Steiner - 2026 - modern transfer

The final Sūtra describes the fruit of ever-present samādhi: the highest yogin immerses himself in complete I-ness (pūrṇāhaṃtā) and attains sovereignty over his own circle of powers of Awareness.

Complete I-ness and the power of Mantra

This I-ness is not a claim of personal ownership. Kṣemarāja calls it the Self’s natural astonishment at itself (svātma-camatkāra). It is complete, filled with light and joy, and is the highest form of the goddess Parā.

It is also the vital power of all Mantras. Mantras arise from it, come to rest in it, and can accomplish their respective effects only through its power. One who enters this complete I-ness therefore gains sovereignty over his own circle of goddesses of Awareness, which continually brings forth and withdraws all appearances of the universe.

The stages of reabsorption

Kṣemarāja orders the experience in an ascending sequence:

  1. What is known has knowing as its essence.
  2. Knowing rests in the inward-turned perceiver who is aware of himself.
  3. When identification with the body and other limiting conditions melts away, the perceiver’s nature is revealed as Sadāśiva-Īśvara, whose body is the entire world.
  4. His highest reality is Maheśvara: the one light that encompasses the whole world in astonished self-presence.

Nothing can appear without entering this highest light. Because the highest Lord is complete and depends on nothing outside himself, no desire remains unfulfilled. His freedom appears as unobstructed joy.

The world of sounds within the complete “I”

Kṣemarāja also explains complete I-ness through the circle of sounds not limited by Māyā. A stands for the Highest, Anuttara or Akula. Ha signifies the full expansion of power; kṣa marks its completion. The entire world of words and their objects is encompassed between a and ha, taken inwards, and appears as bindu, undivided knowing. There it comes to rest again in the Highest.

For Kṣemarāja, natural self-apprehension (vimarśa) is therefore at the same time the living wholeness of the sounds. “I” means allowing all objective experience to rest within oneself. Because this resting requires nothing beyond itself, it is freedom, original agency, and sovereignty.

One power of Awareness in all experiences

On entering this I-ness, limiting identification with body and vital energy initially subsides. Body, colour, joy, and every other appearance then become permeated by its “flavour” as well.

Whatever is perceived, ascertained, remembered, or imagined has the same power of Awareness as its sustaining ground. Through Māyā, it seems different according to its object and receives names such as knowledge, imagination, or judgement. In reality, it remains one Awareness, neither divided in time nor limited.

One who enters this power by the means explained above and rests upon it recognises the opening and closing of the senses as its movement. The inner and outer powers are then no longer an apparatus determined by Māyā, but the innate circle of the goddesses of Awareness. For Kṣemarāja, sovereignty over this circle is the form of the highest Bhairava.

In interpreting a Spanda verse cited in this connection, Kṣemarāja insists on a precise reading. The “one place” into which everything is deposited is the common pulsation of Awareness at the first arising (unmeṣa). The controlled process of arising and dissolution pertains to the subtle body (puryaṣṭaka). Kṣemarāja explicitly rejects an interpretation that simply identifies the “one place” with the gross or subtle body.

“Thus it is Śiva”

The word śivam also carries the meaning “auspicious”. The translation selects “Śiva” here; the commentary explains the additional sense as a blessing.

With iti śivam, Kṣemarāja does more than bring the text to a grammatical close. Everything in this instruction is Śiva for him:

  • because the teaching leads to the realisation of Śiva;
  • because it has arisen from Śiva and is grounded in the Āgamas, the scriptures of divine revelation;
  • and because it is not different from Śiva’s own nature: for Kṣemarāja, everything is Śiva.

The conclusion is therefore both a summary and a blessing: what is known, the process of knowing, the perceiver, and the power through which all these appear are forms of the same reality.

Epilogue and colophon

In the closing verses, Kṣemarāja once more summarises the contrast through an image. One who allows himself at every moment to be limited by identification with body, vital energy, joy, and similar appearances fails to recognise his own Awareness, which is filled with complete joy. One who, through this instruction, sees the whole world as foam upon the nectar-ocean of consciousness is called Śiva himself.

The following verse again names the original audience: people in whom a śaktipāta brought about by Śiva has already occurred, but who cannot understand the comprehensive Īśvarapratyabhijñā without extended training in rigorous reasoning.

In the colophon, Rājānaka Kṣemarāja describes himself as one who lives from the “lotus feet” of his teacher Abhinavagupta. He thereby places his own instruction explicitly within Abhinavagupta’s lineage.

Kṣemarāja's Pratyabhijñāhṛdayavṛtti
Dann folgt aus dem Eingehen in die vollkommene Ichheit, die ihrem Kerne nach Wonne der Klarheit und ihrem Wesen nach die grosse Mantra-Kraft ist, die Gewinnung der Herrschaft über den eigenen Kreis der Göttinnen des Bewusstseins, welcher immerfort Emanation und Reabsorption des Alls bewirkt.
Emil Baer - 1926

Illustrations: AI-generated.

Editor

Dr. Ronald Steiner

From Ulm

The "Yoga Doc" - Dr. Ronald Steiner is the founder of the AYI method. This method links traditional Ashtanga Yoga with innovative Yogatherapy and living Philosophy. This forms a practice that is personal for each and... more ›

Bärbel Münchow

Practising since 2003 Pratyabhijñāhṛdayam From Hamburg Ashtanga YogaYoga therapyPhilosophy & Sanskrit

2003 entdeckte ich Yoga für mich – damals noch als neue „Sportart“, weil meine Knie und mein Rücken Tennis und Laufen nicht mehr mochten. Was zunächst als körperlicher Ausgleich begann, ist längst zu einer großen... more ›

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