prathama प्रथम – first

Original text · English · adjective

prathamá ·a. first, primal, foremost, earliest, principal, best, chief. °-- & n. first, before (n. as prep. w. gen.), for the first time, just, now, immediately; often also adj. pro adv. -- m. the first (third) person; f. ā the first or nominative case and its endings.

Original text · English · adjective

prathama prathama, as, ā, am (connected with 1. pra; said to be fr. rt. 1. prath, Uṇādi-s. V. 68; declined as a pronominal in Atharva-veda VI. 18, 1; according to Pāṇ. I. 1, 33, the declension follows Śiva except in the nom. pl. m. which may option- ally be prathame or prathamās), foremost, first, the first in a series (= ādi, pūrva); earliest, most ancient, primary, original; preceding, previous, prior, earlier, former (sometimes translatable adverbially, e. g. prathamo nivṛttaḥ, returned first; prathame preṣitā dūtāḥ, messengers sent previously); first, chief, principal, most excellent, most eminent or distinguished, matchless, incomparable; (as), m., scil. varṇa, the first consonant of a Varga, a hard letter (= varga-p˚); scil. puruṣa, the first (= in European grammars the third) person, a termination of the first (or according to European grammars third) person; scil. svara, the first tone (in gram- mar); (ā), f., scil. vibhakti, the first or nominative case, a termination of the first or nominative case; (e), f. du., scil. vibhaktī, the first two cases, the terminations of the first two cases; (am), ind. first, firstly, at first, for the first time (opposed to cara- mam); just, newly, recently; at once, immediately; before (with gen., e. g. śakteḥ prathamam, before strength, i. e. before the forces were ready, Raghu-v. IV. 24); (āt), ind. firstly, for the first time; pra- thamam — anantaram, first — afterwards; pratha- mam — tatas, first — next; prathamam — paścāt, first — afterwards; [cf. Gr. πρῶ-το-ς; Lat. primus; Goth. fru-ma; Lith. pī1r-ma-s.]

Original text · German · adjective · substantive masculine · substantive neuter

prathamá (von 1. pra) UṆĀDIS. 5,68. 1〉 adj. f. (ā) selten pronom. declinirt, z. B. prathamasyāḥ AV. 6,18,1. prathame nom. pl. P. 1,1,33. VOP. 3,12. PAÑCAV. BR. 25,18,5. R. 4,37,11. verdoppelt P. 8,1,12, Vārtt. 7. mit seinem nom. comp. P. 2,1,58. Accent eines mit prathama anlautenden comp. P. 6,2,56. a〉 der vorderste, erste in einer Reihe; = ādi, pūrva, paurastya AK. 3,2,30. AK. 3,4,23,146. H. 1459. H. an. 3,468. MED. m. 47. HALĀY. 4,22. pra̱tha̱maḥ pī̱timàrhasi ṚV. 1,134,6. a̱pādèti pratha̱mā pa̱dvatī̀nām ṚV. 1,152,2. atrā̀ pū̱ṣṇaḥ pràtha̱mo bhā̱ga èti geht voran ṚV. 1,162,4. ya̱mo nò gā̱tuṃ pràtha̱mo vìveda ṚV. 10,14,2. ŚAT. BR. 5,5,3,1. ŚAT. BR. 12,8,2,35. ŚAT. BR. 14,1,1,5. kaniṣṭhaprathamā jyeṣṭhajaghanyāḥ ĀŚV. GṚHY. 4,4. KAUŚ. 82. makhāṃśabhājāṃ prathamo manīṣibhistvameva devendra sadā nigadyase RAGH. 3,44. upāyaiḥ prathamaistribhiḥ mit den drei ersten M. 7,108. prathamā, dvitīyā, uttamā M. 12,48. prathama, madhyama, uttama M. 8,138. M. 9,284. M. 9,286. prathamā, aparā RAGH. 8,28. abde im ersten Jahr M. 2,35. ahani M. 4,96. HIT. 20,18. prathamādhyāyasya prathamaḥ pādaḥ P. I, S. 13. prathamatarāvagati ŚAṂK._zu_BṚH. ĀR. UP. S. 273. — b〉 der erste, früheste, frühere; anfänglich, ursprünglich, der älteste: vi̱durvī̱rasyà pratha̱māni̱ pauṃsyā̀ ṚV. 1,166,7. kṛ̱tānì ṚV. 7,98,5. jā̱na̱tyahnàḥ pratha̱masya̱ nāmà des beginnenden Tages ṚV. 1,123,9. na mṛ̀ṣyate pratha̱maṃ nāparà̱ṃ vacàḥ früheres und späteres ṚV. 1,145,2. dharmā̀ ṚV. 3,17,1. vra̱tā de̱vānā̀m ṚV. 3,56,1. mahya̱ṃ tānyàsu̱ryā̀ṇi pratha̱mā dhā̀rayanta ṚV. 4,42,2. ṚV. 7,47,1. ci̱ki̱tuṣī̀ pratha̱mā ya̱jñiyā̀nām ṚV. 10,125,3. ˚vayas die erste Jugend Spr. 1856. ˚yauvana VARĀH. BṚH. S. 73,18. ˚vṛṣṭi VARĀH. BṚH. S. 94,3. prathamávaiyākaraṇa und prathamavaiyākaraṇá ein Anfänger in der Grammatik P. 6,2,56, Sch. sarvamidānīṃ smarāmi śakuntalāyāḥ prathamavṛttāntam früher ŚĀK. 82,7. bhāryā die erste, frühere Gattin VID. 332. Oft mit advv. erst, alsbald, sogleich zu übersetzen: yo jā̱ta e̱va pràtha̱mo manàsvānde̱vo de̱vānkratùnā pa̱ryabhū̀ṣat eben geboren ṚV. 2,12,1. annā̱ yadindràḥ pratha̱mā vyāśà vṛ̱traṃ jàgha̱nvām̐ àvṛṇīta̱ somàm sobald als ṚV. 3,36,8. pra̱tha̱mo vìndate̱ vasù baldigst ṚV. 6,54,4. pra̱tha̱mo ni ṣī̀dasi̱ somàkāma̱ṃ hi te̱ manàḥ ṚV. 8,50,2. vahā̀ no ha̱vyaṃ pràtha̱maścìki̱tvān alsbald ṚV. 10,12,1. prathamo nivṛttaḥ er kehrte zuerst zurück er war der erste, der zurückkehrte PAÑCAT. 241,14. preṣitāḥ prathame ye ca mayā dūtāḥ zuerst, früher R. 4,37,11. yena tatprathamaṃ steyaṃ goptureva gṛhe kṛtam zum ersten Mal vollbracht VIKR. 139. — c〉 der erste so v. a. trefflichste, vornehmste, vorzüglichste, unvergleichlich, Haupt —; = pradhāna AK. 3,4,23,146. H. an. MED. yu̱vaṃ ma̱hānì pratha̱mānì cakrathuḥ ṚV. 7,72,1. śreṣṭhàmā̱yantàṃ pratha̱menai̱vānùbudhyante TBR. 2,3,1,3. kalpa (Gegens. anukalpa) AK. 2,7,39. M. 3. M. 147. M. 11,30. R. 2,52,88. ŚĀK. 99,23. ŚĀK. 67,18, v. l. MĀLAV. 12,2. rūpa MBH. 4,410. prathamaṃ bhūpate raktam PAÑCAT. 62,1. ˚maṅgala RAGH. 10,68. ˚vaiyākaraṇá ein ausgezeichneter Grammatiker P. 6,2,56, Sch. prathamataraḥ sevāvakāśaḥ MĀLAV. 48. — 2〉 prathamam adv. zuerst, am frühesten; erst, eben, alsbald, sogleich: yastākṛ̀ṇoḥ pratha̱maṃ sāsyu̱kthyàḥ ṚV. 2,13,2. ṚV. 1,77,3. AV. 6,65,3. prathamaṃ vadankumāraḥ ŚAT. BR. 11,1,6,4. AIT. BR. 7,11. yadakràndaḥ pratha̱maṃ jāyàmānaḥ eben geboren werdend ṚV. 1,163,1. ṚV. 1,164,4. ṚV. 4,17,7. ṚV. 4,50,4. gama̱nmadā̀ya pratha̱mam alsbald ṚV. 7,97,1. ṚV. 8,3,11. a̱bhi̱śrā̱vāyà pratha̱mam ṚV. 1,185,10. yo àsya̱ dhāmà pratha̱maṃ vyā̀na̱śe wer erst, wer einmal ṚV. 9,86,15. nābhā̱ yatrà pratha̱maṃ sa̱ṃnasā̀mahe ṚV. 10,64,13. yada̱jaḥ pràtha̱maṃ sàṃba̱bhūvà AV. 10,7,31. retaḥ puruṣasya prathamaṃ saṃbhavataḥ saṃbhavati AIT. BR. 3,2. yatraitatprathamaṃ samiddho bhavati sobald nur ŚAT. BR. 2,3,2,9. ŚAT. BR. 4,5,2,17. prathamāstamita eben untergegangen KĀTY. ŚR. 4,15,12. udīci prathamasamāvṛtta āditye NIR. 7,23. prathamodita eben aufgegangen CHĀND. UP. 2,9,4. prathamadugdha eben gemolken ŚAT. BR. 2,2,4,15. — Gegens. caramam am spätesten MBH. 2,2177. prathamam, tadanantaram, tṛtīyam, ataḥ param M. 8,129. prathamam, tatas ŚĀK. 189, v. l. SĀH. D. 46. prathamam, tatas, tatas Spr. 2616. prathamam, paścāt RAGH. 9,61. RAGH. 12,39. mātaraṃ vā svasāraṃ vā māturvā bhaginīṃ nijām . bhikṣeta bhikṣāṃ prathamam M. 2,50. M. 3,3. MBH. 1,485. ŚĀK. 71,11. ŚĀK. 71,84. RAGH. 3,4. VIKR. 132. Spr. 699. Spr. 1855. KATHĀS. 22,212. KATHĀS. 38,66. ŚRUT. 44. Schol. zu P. 1,4,41. P. 3,4,24. P. 4,3,83. prathamodita zuerst ausgesprochen RAGH. 3,25. prathamābhitapta RAGH. 19,56. prathamamukta KATHĀS. 36,127. prathamapiśuna KATHĀS. 45,368. mit einem gen. vor (zeitlich): uttiṣṭhetprathamaṃ cāsya caramaṃ caiva saṃviśet M. 2,194. śakteḥ prathamam bevor die Macht da war RAGH. 4,24. zum ersten Mal ṚV. 2,18,2. ṚV. 10,45,1. KĀTY. ŚR. 2,3,6. KĀTY. ŚR. 4,4,16. KĀTY. ŚR. 6,6,22. VID. 194. erstmals so v. a. früher einmal, ehemals, vormals, vorhin M. 1,28. N. 22,17. RAGH. 3,68. KUMĀRAS. 7,24. ŚĀK. 76. ŚĀK. 88. ŚĀK. 134. ŚĀK. 82,9, v. l. Spr. 1854. PAÑCAT. ed. orn. 41,4. mit dem praes. VIKR. 25. prathamaparigṛhīta ŚĀK. 115. prathamakathita MEGH. 79. — 3〉 prathamāt adv. zuerst HARIV. 3213; vgl. prathamatas. — 4〉 m. a〉 (sc. varṇa) der erste Consonant eines Varga, eine dumpfe Tenuis ṚV. PRĀT. 1,3. ṚV. PRĀT. 6,15. VS. PRĀT. 1,85. VS. PRĀT. 4,106. VS. PRĀT. 4,118. — b〉 (sc. puruṣa) die erste (d. h. dritte) Person, die Personalendungen der ersten Person NIR. 7,1. P. 1,4,101. P. 1,4,108. P. 2,4,85. ˚puruṣa VYUTP. 115. — c〉 (sc. svara) der erste Ton Ind. St. 1,48. Ind. St. 8,261. fgg. — d〉 über die Bed. des Wortes bei den Mathemm. s. SIDDHĀNTAŚIR. 257. N. — 5〉 f. ā (sc. vibhakti) der erste Casus, die Endungen des 1ten Casus NIR. 6,1. ĀŚV. ŚR. 1,9. P. 2,3,46. P. 7,2,88. du. die beiden ersten Casus, die Endungen der beiden ersten Casus P. 6,1,102. P. 7,1,28. — 6〉 n. collect. die Ersten: prathamaṃ (= agresarāḥ Schol.) mānabhṛtām (so ist zu lesen) KIRĀT. 2,44. — Vgl. prāthamika, prāthamya.

Original text · German · adjective · substantive masculine · substantive neuter

prathamá — 1〉 Adj. (f. ā́) — a〉 der vorderste, erste in einer Reihe. — b〉 der erste, früheste, frühere, anfänglich. Oft durch ein Adv. wie erst, zuerst, früher, zum ersten Mal; eben, alsbald, sogleich, baldigst wiederzugeben. — c〉 der erste. so v. a. trefflichste, namhafteste, vorzüglichste, unvergleichlich, Haupt. Auch Compar. prathamatara. — 2〉 prathamám und prathama˚ Adv. zuerst, am frühesten, vor Allem; zum ersten Mal; eben, alsbald, sogleich; früher ehemals, vormals, vorhin mit Gen. vor —, früher als. Compar. prathamataram und prathamatara˚ zuerst HARṢAC. 130,2. KĀRAṆḌ. 58,14. 63,24. 75,5. 96,7. — 3〉 prathamāt Adv. alsbald, sogleich. — 4〉 m. — a〉 der erste Consonant eines Varga, eine dumpfe Tenuis. — b〉 die erste (d. h. unsere dritte) Person, die Personalendungen der ersten Person. — c〉 der erste Ton. — d〉 the sum of the products divided by the difference between the squares of the cosine of the azimuth and the sine of the amplitude. — 5〉 f. prathamā der erste Casus, die Endung des ersten Casus; Du. die beiden ersten Casus, die Endungen der b. e. C. — 6〉 n. Sg. collect. die Ersten.

Original text · English · substantive masculine · substantive neuter

prathama [prath-amac] (Nom. pl., m. prathame or prathamāḥ) 1 First, foremost; R. 3. 44; H. 2. 39; Ki. 2. 44. 2 First, chief, principal, most excellent or eminent, matchless, incomparable; Śi. 15. 42; Ms. 3. 147. 3 Earliest, most ancient, primary. 4 Prior, previous, former, earlier; prathamasukṛtāpekṣayā Me. 17, R. 10. 67. 5 (In gram.) The first person (= third person according to European phraseology). — maḥ 1 The first (third) person. 2 The first consonant of a class. — mā The nominative case. — maṃ ind. 1 First, firstly, at first; Ku. 7. 24; R. 3. 4. 2 Already, previously, formerly; prathamoditaṃ aforesaid; R. 3. 68. 3 At once, immediately. 4 Before; yātrāyai codayāmāsa taṃ śakteḥ prathamaṃ śarat R. 4. 24; uttiṣṭhetyathamaṃ cāsya caramaṃ caiva saṃviśet Ms. 2. 194. 5 Newly, recently. prathamaṃ anaṃtaraṃ or tataḥ or paścāt first, afterwards; prathamāt firstly, for the first time; prathamataḥ 1 At first, firstly; 2 previously. 3 immediately; 4 before, in preference to (gen.) Comp. — ardhaḥ -rdhaṃ the first half. — āgāmin a. first mentioned. — ādeśaḥ placing at the beginning. — āśramaḥ the first of the four stages in the religious life of a Brāhmaṇa; i. e. Brahmacarya. — itara a. ‘other than first’, the second. — udita a. first uttered; uvāca dhātryā prathamoditaṃ vacaḥ R. 3. 25. — utpanna a. firstborn. — kalpaḥ 1 the best course to adopt. 2 an excellent suggestion or idea. — kalpita a. 1 first thought out. 2 first in rank or importance. — kusumaḥ white marjoram. — garbha a. pregnant for the first time. — ja a. 1 firstborn. 2 original, primary. — darśanaṃ first sight. — divasaḥ the first day; Me. 2. — puruṣaḥ the first person (=the third person according to the English system of treating Sanskrit grammar). — maṃgala a. highly auspicious. — yauvanaṃ early youth or age, youthful state. — vayas n. early age, youth. — vitā Ved. a first wife. — virahaḥ separation for the first time. — vṛttāṃtaḥ antecedents, former ([Page 0748-a]) circumstances. — vaiyākaraṇaḥ 1 the most distinguished grammarian. 2 a beginner in grammar. — sāhasaḥ the first or lowest of the three degrees of punishment or fine. — sukṛtaṃ former kindness or service.

Original text · English · Word type unspecified

prathama See under prath.

Original text · German · Word type unspecified

prathamá der erste, vorderste, früheste, älteste, vorzüglichste, beste. Compar. prathamatara. prathama (˚—) u. n. adv. zuerst, am frühesten; erst, eben; alsbald, sogleich; oft auch das Adj. als Adv. — m. die erste (dritte) Person und ihre Endungen, f. ā der erste Fall (Nominativ) und seine Endungen (g.).

Original text · French · adjective

prathama prathama a. (sfx. thama pour tama) premier; gr. πρῶτος; lat. primus.