Īśāvāsya Upaniṣad 16
पूषन्नेकर्षे यम सूर्य प्राजापत्य व्यूह रश्मीन्समूह तेजः |
pūṣann eka-rṣe yama sūrya prājāpatya; vyūha raśmīn samūha tejaḥ | Analysis ▾ Analysis ▴
यत्ते रूपं कल्याणतमं तत्ते पश्यामि यो ऽसावसौ पुरुषः सो ऽहमस्मि ||16||
yat te rūpaṃ kalyāṇatamaṃ tat te paśyāmi; yo 'sāv asau, puruṣaḥ so 'ham asmi ||16|| Analysis ▾ Analysis ▴
Metre: Sections 1–3 of 13, 9 and 14 syllables: metre not determined; section 4: Śālinī
O Pūṣan (pūṣan | voc sg), sole seer (eka-rṣe | voc sg), O Yama (yama | voc sg), O Sun (sūrya | voc sg), O offspring of Prajāpati (prājāpatya | voc sg), spread apart (vyūha | 2p sg act imp) the rays (raśmīn | acc pl), gather (samūha | 2p sg act imp) the radiance (tejaḥ | acc sg); whichever (yat | acc sg n) form (rūpaṃ | acc sg) of yours (te | gen sg) [is] the most auspicious (kalyāṇatamaṃ | acc sg n sup), that (tat | acc sg n) I see (paśyāmi | 1p sg act pres) [as] yours (te | gen sg); that yonder (asau | nom sg m) Puruṣa (puruṣaḥ | nom sg), who (yaḥ | nom sg m) [is] there (asau | nom sg m)—I (aham | nom sg) am (asmi | 1p sg act pres) he (saḥ | nom sg m).
O Pūṣan, sole seer, Yama, Sun, offspring of Prajāpati: draw apart your rays and gather your radiance, so that I may see your most auspicious form. The Puruṣa there in the sun: I am he.
Śaṅkara explains the solar names functionally: Pūṣan (nourisher) nourishes the world, Ekarṣi (sole seer) moves alone, Yama (orderer) holds together, Sūrya (sun) draws in rays, prāṇa (life-force), and juices, and Prājāpatya (descendant of Prajāpati) comes from Prajāpati, lord of creatures. The withdrawal of the rays reveals the most auspicious form; so 'ham asmi (“I am he”) means identification with the Puruṣa (person, cosmic human) in the solar orb.
O Nourisher (pūṣan), the sole Seer (ekarṣi), O Controller (yama), O Sun (sūrya), offspring of Prajāpati, spread forth thy rays! Gather thy brilliance (tejas)!<5>What is thy [365] fairest form—that of thee I see. He who is yonder, yonder Person (puruṣa)—I myself am he!
<5:According to this translation the idea is entirely honorific of the effulgence of the sun. Or, with a different grouping of words, the meaning might possibly be the petition: ‘Spread apart thy rays [that I may enter through the sun (as well as see through—according to the previous petition) into the Real; then] gather [thy rays together again, as normal]. The brilliance which is thy fairest form, . . .’ At best the passage is of obscure mystical significance.>
<5:According to this translation the idea is entirely honorific of the effulgence of the sun. Or, with a different grouping of words, the meaning might possibly be the petition: ‘Spread apart thy rays [that I may enter through the sun (as well as see through—according to the previous petition) into the Real; then] gather [thy rays together again, as normal]. The brilliance which is thy fairest form, . . .’ At best the passage is of obscure mystical significance.>
O Pûshan, einiger Seher, o Yama,
Sonnengott, Prajâpati's Sohn!
zerteile deine Strahlen, schließ zusammen deine Herrlichkeit; –
ja, ich sehe sie, deine lieblichste Gestalt;
und jener dort, der Mann dort, ich bin es selbst!
Sonnengott, Prajâpati's Sohn!
zerteile deine Strahlen, schließ zusammen deine Herrlichkeit; –
ja, ich sehe sie, deine lieblichste Gestalt;
und jener dort, der Mann dort, ich bin es selbst!
O Pûshan, only seer, Yama (judge), Sûrya (sun), son of Pragâpati, spread thy rays and gather them! The light which is thy fairest form, I see it. I am what He is (viz. the person in the sun).<3>
<3: Asau purushah should probably be omitted.>
<3: Asau purushah should probably be omitted.>
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