guru गुरु – teacher

Original text · English · Word type unspecified

gurú ·f. gurvī a. heavy, weighty (w. abl. also = gurutara), big, large, great, long (prosod.); strong, vehement; difficult, hard; bad, evil; important, valuable, venerable. Comp. gurutara & gárīyaṃs heavier, weightier, etc. than (abl.); very heavy, weighty etc.; superl. gariṣṭha very big or swollen. -- m. any venerable person, as father, mother (du. the parents), teacher (also pl.), esp. Brhaspati as the teacher of the gods, any elder relative; chief of (--°). f. gurvī pregnant, a pregnant woman.

Original text · English · adjective

guru guru, us, vī, u (said to be fr. rt. 2. gṝ, compar. garīyas, superl. gariṣṭha, in Mahā-bh. VII. 5324, compar. garīyastara), heavy, weighty (opposed to laghu), heavy in the stomach (as food), difficult to digest; great, large, extended, long; (in prosody) long by nature or position (as a long vowel taken alone or a short vowel before two consonants; sometimes a long vowel followed by consonants is called garīyas); high in degree, vehement, violent, excessive, deep, much; difficult, hard; grievous; im- portant, serious, momentous; valuable, highly prized; dear, beloved; haughty, proud (as a speech); venerable, respectable; best, excellent; (us), m. any venerable or respectable person, as a father, mother, or any relative older than one's self; a spiritual parent or preceptor from whom a youth receives the initiatory Mantra or prayer and who conducts the necessary ceremonies up to the period of investiture with the sacrificial thread or string; this person may be the natural parent or the religious preceptor; a religious teacher, one who explains the law and religion to his pupil, instructs him in the Śāstras &c.; a N. of Bṛhaspati or the planet Jupiter, who is con- sidered as the Guru or preceptor of the gods; an epithet of Droṇa, the teacher of the Pāṇḍus; N. of a son of Saṅkṛti; (vī), f. pregnant, a pregnant woman; the wife of a teacher; [cf. Gr. βαρύς; Lat. gravis; Goth. kauriths; Lith. giéras.]

Original text · German · adjective · substantive masculine

gurú Uṇ. 1,24. 1〉 adj. f. gurvī; compar. gárīyaṃs P. 6,4,157. VOP. 7,56. TBR. 1,2,6,3. acc. m. garīyasam MBH. 1,2749. gurutara häufig; garīyastara MBH. 7,5324. superl. gáriṣṭha P. 6,4,157. AK. 3,2,62. a〉 schwer (Gegens. laghu) TRIK. 3,3,344. H. an. 2,411. MED. r. 25. parā̀ ha̱ yatsthi̱raṃ ha̱tha narò va̱rtayàthā gu̱ru ṚV. 1,39,3. bhāraḥ ṚV. 4,5,6. AV. 9,3,24. AIT. BR. 4,13. aśmā AV. 6,42,2. ŚAT. BR. 12,2,2,10. purogururiva hi vajraḥ PAÑCAV. BR. 8,5. madagurupakṣairalivṛndaiḥ RAGH. 12,102. MEGH. 90. vāsāṃsi ṚT. 1,7. gadā gurvī MBH. 3,885. dhūḥ R. 2,2,7. RAGH. 1,34. RAGH. 3,35. tvayeyamuhyate vīra raṇadhūrno garīyasī überaus schwer R. 6,82,43. gurutara MBH. 3,13293. (sparśaḥ) laghurgurutaro (= guru) 'pi ca MBH. 12,6856. schwer im Magen liegend, schwer verdaulich, = durjara TRIK. H. an. MED. SUŚR. 1,20,12. SUŚR. 1,149,16. SUŚR. 1,20,17. SUŚR. 1,172,5. SUŚR. 1,206,8. SUŚR. 1,20,19. SUŚR. 1,207,13 u. s. w. gurūdaratva SUŚR. 2,408,21. — b〉 gross, ausgedehnt (dem äussern Umfange nach), = mahant TRIK. H. 1430. H. an. MED. ˚mṛga PAÑCAT. II, 199. sotsāhaśaktisaṃpanno hanyācchatruṃ laghurgurum PAÑCAT. III, 28. sattvānām PAÑCAT. 31,1. svalpajalāśayāḥ, gurujalāśayāḥ PAÑCAT. 51,8. te svalpā api gurūnvikramante PAÑCAT. 79,2. chāyā Schatten und maitrī Freundschaft BHARTṚ. 2,50. ˚kratu YĀJÑ. 3,328. guruṣu divaseṣveṣu gacchatsu lang MEGH. 81. śarīre gurutarāḥ prahārāḥ saṃjātāḥ PAÑCAT. 214,15. (pṛṣṭhe) dharaṇidharaṇakiṇacakragariṣṭhe (Sch.: = dṛḍha, kaṭhina, aber genauer: angeschwollen) GĪT. 1,6. — c〉 in der Pros. von Natur oder positione lang ṚV. PRĀT. 1,4. ṚV. PRĀT. 18,19. P. 1,4,11. P. 1,4,12. ŚRUT. 7 u. s. w. compar. ein langer Vocal in geschlossener Silbe ṚV. PRĀT. 18,20. — d〉 gross (dem Grade nach), heftig: mantrò gu̱ruḥ punàrastu̱ so àsmai sein harter Spruch (Fluch) falle auf ihn zurück ṚV. 1,147,4. gu̱ru dveṣo aràruṣe dadhanti ṚV. 7,56,19. tyajàḥ ṚV. 8,47,7. duḥkha BHAG. 6. BHAG. 22. aparādha PAÑCAT. I, 342. hṛdayakampa VIKR. 6. paritāpa ŚĀK. 66. kāntāvirahaguruṇā — śāpena MEGH. 1. adrigrahaṇagurubhirgarjitaiḥ MEGH. 45. śuc MEGH. 86. śoka CAURAP. 28. kheda GĪT. 9,7. praharṣa RAGH. 3,17. kṣātrādbralādbrahmabalaṃ garīyaḥ MBH. 14,255. gurutaraṃ vyasanam M. 7,52. M. 9,295. enas M. 11,256. pāpa MBH. 12,6083. yatna MBH. 3,16449. R. 6,37,38. śabda VET. 26,9. garīyastaraṃ bhayam Gefahr MBH. 7,5324. — e〉 wichtig, gewichtig, eine grosse Bedeutung habend, viel geltend: dharma BRĀMAṆ. 2,6. gurvarthakāla ARJ. 5,7. kārya R. 1,24,22. PAÑCAT. 109. PAÑCAT. 21. PAÑCAT. 265,1. ŚĀK. 94. lokapālānubhāvāḥ RAGH. 2,75. bhāṣita eine hochfahrende Rede PAÑCAT. I, 356. nṛpeṇādhikṛtāḥ pūgāḥ śreṇayo 'tha kulāni ca . pūrvaṃ pūrvaṃ guru (in der Bed. des compar.) jñeyaṃ vyavahāravidhau nṛṇām .. YĀJÑ. 2,30. bhuktistatra garīyasī YĀJÑ. 28. vījādyonirgarīyasī M. 9,52. M. 2,136. dharmalopo garīyānvai MBH. 1,1886. (vacaḥ) ubhayaṃ me garīyastu MBH. 1,8426. kiṃ rājñaḥ sarvakṛtyānāṃ garīyaḥ syāt MBH. 13,2083. kāryaṃ garīyaḥ R. 5,84,3. kāma evārthadharmābhyāṃ garīyān R. 2,53,9. gurutaraṃ prayojanam PAÑCAT. 107,10. guṇagrāma BHARTṚ. 3,23. svārthātsatāṃ gurutarā praṇayikriyā VIKR. 94. — f〉 lieb: na caitadvidmaḥ kataranno garīyo yadvā jayema yadi vā no jayeyuḥ BHAG. 2,6. garīyaḥ kimato mama MBH. 13,146. putraṃ mama prāṇairgarīyasam MBH. 1,2749. DRAUP. 7,14. dhanāśā jīvitāśā ca gurvī prāṇabhṛtāṃ sadā . vṛddhasya taruṇī bhāryā prāṇebhyo 'pi garīyasī .. HIT. I, 105. R. 3,55,51. mahadbhiḥ spardhamānasya vipadeva garīyasī PAÑCAT. I, 418. RAGH. 14,35. — g〉 ehrwürdig, in grossem Ansehen stehend: mātā tābhyo garīyasī M. 2,133. M. 2,146. M. 2,231. M. 11,204. YĀJÑ. 1,35. BHAG. 11,37. BHAG. 11,43. gururgarīyasāṃ śreṣṭhaḥ der Lehrer steht unter den Ehrwürdigen oben an MBH. 1,3044. gato daśarathaḥ svargaṃ yo no gurutaro guruḥ R. 2,79,2. tvaṃ mahyaṃ gurorgurutarā MBH. 1,3267. MBH. 3,1857 (INDR. 5,41: gurutarī). gariṣṭha BHĀG. P. 7,15,45. SĀH. D. 23,15. — 2〉 m. a〉 eine ehrwürdige, angesehene Person, der man Ehrerbietung schuldig ist; Vater, Mutter, ältere Verwandte GOBH. 2,3. GOBH. 2,11. GOBH. 4,10. ācāryāyābhivādayeta gurubhyaśca ŚĀṄKH. GṚHY. 4,12. BHAG. 2,5. gururagnirdvijātīnāṃ varṇānāṃ brāhmaṇo guruḥ . patireko guruḥ strīṇāṃ sarvatrābhyāgato guruḥ .. CĀṆ. 49. daivataṃ hi bhavānguruḥ R. 1,22,20. mama bhāryā tava guruḥ SUND. 4,15. (dilīpaḥ) gururnṛpāṇām RAGH. 2,68. kṣitidharaguroḥ — sumeroḥ ad ŚĀK. 78. sg. Vater R. 1,51,7—R. 1,51,9. ŚĀK. 168. RAGH. 3,31. RAGH. 3,48. RAGH. 4,1. RAGH. 12,9. der ältere Bruder R. 6,95,48. du. die Eltern SĀV. 4,22. pl. dass. M. 4,153. M. 4,251. M. 4,252. VIKR. 148. KATHĀS. 4,14. KATHĀS. 4,15. KATHĀS. 4,71. ātmānaṃ guruṃ kar sich selbst vor Allen achten, sich selbst für die höchste Autorität ansehen MBH. 13,21; vgl. MBH. 13,24. guru = pitrādi AK. 3,4,25,164. H. an. MED. — b〉 insbes. der Lehrer AK. 2,7,6. H. 77. H. an. MED. ṚV. PRĀT. 15,1. fgg. ĀŚV. GṚHY. 3,9. ĀŚV. GṚHY. 3,10. ĀŚV. GṚHY. 4,4. ĀŚV. GṚHY. 4,6. PĀR. GṚHY. 2,4. PĀR. GṚHY. 2,6. PĀR. GṚHY. 2,11. niṣekādīni karmāṇi yaḥ karoti yathāvidhi . saṃbhāvayati cānnena sa vipro gururucyate .. M. 2,142. alpaṃ vā bahu vā yasya śrutasyopakaroti yaḥ . tamapīha guruṃ vidyācchratopakriyayā tayā .. M. 149. upanīya guruḥ śiṣyaṃ śikṣayecchaucamāditaḥ . ācāramagnikāryaṃ ca saṃdhyopāsanameva ca .. M. 69. sa gururyaḥ kriyāḥ kṛtvā vedamasmai prayacchati YĀJÑ. 1,34. ṣaṭtriṃśadābdikaṃ caryaṃ gurau traivedikaṃ vratam . tadardhikaṃ pādikaṃ vā grahaṇāntikameva vā .. M. 3,1. gururāhavanīyaḥ M. 2,231. vidyāguru M. 206. — MBH. 1,3044. R. 1,2,9. SUŚR. 1,7,11. SUŚR. 1,13,3. SUŚR. 1,118,20. ŚĀK. 70,3. PAÑCAT. 94,20. RAGH. 1,35. RAGH. 1,57. — c〉 der Lehrer der Götter, Bṛhaspati, der Planet Jupiter AK. 1,1,2,25. AK. 3,4,25,164. TRIK. 1,1,91. H. 119. H. an. MED. M. 11,119. M. 11,121. VARĀH. BṚH. S. 8,33. VARĀH. BṚH. S. 8,39. VARĀH. BṚH. S. 9,37. VARĀH. BṚH. S. 11,19. VARĀH. BṚH. S. 17,7 u. s. w. Verz. d. B. H. No. 896. gurucāra Verz. d. B. H. 878. — d〉 der Lehrer der Pāṇḍu, ein Bein. Droṇaʼs TRIK. 2,8,19. — e〉 N. pr. eines Sohnes des Saṃkṛti BHĀG. P. 9,21,2. — 3〉 f. gurvī a〉 schwanger, eine schwangere Frau H. 539. — b〉 die Frau eines Lehrers ŚKDR. WILS.

Original text · German · Word type unspecified

guru 1〉a〉 schwer verdaulich Spr. 4549. — c〉 AV. PRĀT. 1,52. TAITT. PRĀT. 2,10. Ind. St. 8,84. Ind. St. 8,211. Ind. St. 8,222. — d〉 ahameva guruḥ sudāruṇānāmiti hālāhala mā sma tāta dṛpyaḥ so v. a. der schrecklichste von Allen Spr. 3665. — e〉 garīyasīrgiraḥ SĀH. D. 95,21. muhurnindyaṃ rūpaṃ kavijanaviśeṣairguru kṛtam so v. a. hoch gehalten Spr. 3297; vgl. gurukṛta. — f〉 Z. 5. fg. garīyasī so v. a. sehr ehrenvoll PAÑCAT. I, 418 gehört zu e〉; vgl. Spr. 2144. — g〉 gariṣṭha BHĀG. P. 12,8,39. — 2〉b〉 bei den Śākta Verfasser eines Mantra Verz. d. Oxf. H. 101,a,25. — c〉 Spr. 865 (zugleich schwer). WEBER, JYOT. 83. — f〉 = Prabhākara Verz. d. Oxf. H. 255,b, N. 5. Verz. d. Oxf. H. 258,b,19. HALL 50. HALL. 172. — g〉 Bez. des 9ten astrologischen Hauses, = dharma VARĀH. BṚH. S. 1,16.

Original text · German · adjective · substantive masculine

gurú — 1〉 Adj. (f. gurvī; Compar. garīyaṃs und Superl. gariṣṭha s. bes.) — a〉 schwer, schwerer als (Abl.) Chr. 187,17. gurutara auch = gurú MBH. 12,184,37. — b〉 schwer im Magen liegend, — verdaulich. — c〉 gross (dem äussern Umfange nach) BĀLAR. 91,20. — d〉 schwer zu vollbringen (BĀLAR. 82,2), — zu ertragen, drückend heftig, stark, gross (dem Grade nach), arg schlimm MEGH. 80. Mit einem Gen. Pl. der ärgste unter. gurutara grösser, ärger, schlimmer; recht arg, — schlimm PAÑCAT. 241,15. — e〉 wichtig, gewichtig, eine grosse Bedeutung habend, viel geltend. gurutara mehr geltend als; sehr wichtig, — hoch stehend, Auch guru in der Bed. von gurutara. — f〉 ehrwürdig, in grossem Ansehen stehend (von Personen). gurutara ehrwürdiger; sehr ehrwürdig. — g〉 Prosodisch lang. — 2〉 m. — a〉 eine ehrwürdige, hoch angesehene Person, Vater, Mutter, ein älterer Verwandter; insbes. der Lehrer. Du. die Eltern. Pl. die Eltern und andere ehrwürdige Personen; auch ehrerbletig vom Lehrer Chr. 253,16 (auch der Name im Pl.). Mit einem Gen. Pl. oder am Ende eines Comp. so v. a. das Haupt von. — b〉 bei den Śākta der Verfasser eines Mantra. — c〉 der Lehrer der Götter Bṛhaspati. — d〉 der Planet Jupiter. — e〉 Bein. — α〉 *Droṇaʼs, des Lehrers der Pāṇḍava. — β〉 des Philosophen Prabhākara. — f〉 das 9te astrologische Haus. — g〉 *Mucuna pruriens RĀJAN. 3,39. — h〉 N. pr. eines Sohnes des Saṃkṛti. — 3〉 f. gurvī — a〉 f. zu guru 2〉a〉 ĀPAST. 1,21,9. — b〉 schwanger, eine schwangere Frau. — c〉 *die Frau eines Lehrers.

Original text · German · Word type unspecified

guru (Adj. MBH. 13,1,21 nach NĪLAK. schuldbeladen) II. ˚candrikā, ˚jñānavāsiṣṭha, ˚taraṃgiṇī, ˚dīpikā, ˚nāḍi, und ˚bhāvaprakāśikā 2. [Nachtrag, Band 7]

Original text · English · adjective · substantive masculine

guru a. (ru-rvī) f. [gṝ-ku ucca Uṇ. 1. 24.] compar. garīyas; superl. gariṣṭha 1 Heavy, weighty (opp. laghu); (fig. also); tena dhūrjagato gurvī saciveṣu ([Page 0463-b]) nicikṣipe R. 1. 34; R. 3. 35; R. 12. 102; Rs. 1. 7. 2 Great, large, long, extended. 3 Long (in duration or length); āraṃbhagurvī Bh. 2. 60; guruṣu divaseṣveṣu gacchatsu Me. 83. 4 Important, momentous, great; vibhavagurubhiḥ kṛtyaiḥ Ś. 4. 18; svārthātsatāṃ gurutarā praṇayikriyaiva V. 4. 15; Ku. 3. 13, Bh. 3. 7; R. 14. 35. 5 Arduous, difficult (to bear); kāṃtāvirahaguruṇā śāpena Me. 1. 6 Great, excessive, violent, intense; guruḥ praharṣaḥ prababhūva nātmani R. 3. 17; gurvapi virahaduḥkhaṃ Ś. 4. 15; Bg. 6. 22. 7 Venerable, respectable. 8 Heavy, hard of digestion (as food). 9 Best, excellent. 10 Dear, beloved. 11 Haughty, proud (as a speech). 12 (In prosody) Long, as a syllable, either in itself, or being short, followed by a conjunct consonant &c.; e. g. ī in īḍ or ta in taskara. (It is usually represented by ga in works on prosody; māttau gau cecchālinī vedalokaiḥ &c.). 13 Irresistible, unassailable; Māl. 6. 1. 14 Mighty, powerful. 15 Valuable, highly prized. 16 Grievous. — ruḥ 1 (a) A father; na kevalaṃ tadgururekapārthivaḥ kṣitāvabhūdekadhanurdharo'pi saḥ R. 3. 31, R. 3. 48; R. 4. 1; R. 8. 29. (b) Forefather, ancestor; U. 5. 28. 2 Any venerable or respectable person, an elderly personage or relative, the elders (pl.) śuśrūṣasva gurūn Ś. 4. 17; Bg. 2. 5; Bv. 2. 7, Bv. 2. 18, Bv. 2. 19, Bv. 2. 49; ājñā gurūṇāṃ hyavicāraṇīyā R. 14. 46. 3 A teacher, preceptor; guruśiṣyau. 4 Particularly, a religious teacher, spiritual preceptor; tau gururgurupatnī ca prītyā pratinanaṃdatuḥ R. 1. 57; (technically a Guru is one who performs the purificatory ceremonies over a boy and instructs him in the Vedas; sa gururyaḥ kriyāḥ kṛtvā vedamasmai prayacchati Y. 1. 34). 5 A lord, head, superintendent, ruler; varṇāśramāṇāṃ gurave sa varṇī R. 5. 19 the head of the castes or orders; gururnṛpāṇāṃ gurave nivedya R. 2. 68. 6 N. of Bṛhaspati, the preceptor of the gods; guruṃ netrasahasreṇa codayāmāsa vāsavaḥ Ku. 2. 29; Pt. 1. 230. 7 The planet Jupiter; gurukāvyānugāṃ bibhraccāṃdrīmabhinabhaḥ śriyaṃ Śi. 2. 2. 8 The propounder of a new doctrine. 9 The lunar asterism called puṣya. 10 N. of Droṇa, teacher of ([Page 0463-c]) the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas. 11 N. of Prabhākara, the leader of a school of the Mīmāṃsakas (called after him Prābhākara). 12 The supreme spirit. Comp. — akṣaraṃ a long syllable. — aṃganā 1 the wife of a Guru. 2 a woman entitled to great respect. — artha a. important. — (rthaḥ) a preceptor's fee for instructing a pupil; gurvarthamāhartumahaṃ yatiṣye R. 5. 17. — uttama a. highly revered. — (maḥ) the Supreme soul. — kāraḥ worship, adoration. — kāryaṃ 1 a serious or weighty affair. 2 the office of a spiritual teacher. — kṛta a. 1 worshipped. 2 made much of; Bh. 3. 20. — kramaḥ instruction handed down through a series of teachers, traditional instruction. — ghnaḥ white mustard. — caryā attendance upon a preceptor; Māl. 9. 51. — janaḥ any venerable person, an elderly relative, the elders collectively; nāpekṣito gurujanaḥ K. 158; Bv. 2. 7. — talpaḥ 1 the bed (wife) of a teacher. 2 violation or violator of a teacher's bed. — talpagaḥ, -talpin m. 1 one who violates his teacher's bed (wife), (ranked in Hindu law as a sinner of the worst kind, committer of an atipātaka; cf. Ms. 11. 103). 2 one who defiles his step-mother. — dakṣiṇā fee given to a spiritual preceptor; R. 5. 1. — dānaṃ a guru's gift. — daivataḥ the constellation puṣya. — patrā the tamarind tree. — pāka a. difficult of digestion. — pūjā 1 the ceremonies in propitiation of Bṛhaspati when a work is to be performed or undertaken. 2 the worship of one's spiritual preceptor. — prasādaḥ the product of a guru's blessing, i. e. learning. — bhaṃ 1 the constellation puṣya. 2 a bow. 3 the sign pisces of the zodiac. — mardalaḥ a kind of drum or ta bor. — ratnaṃ 1 topaz. 2 a gem broughfrom the Himālaya and the Indust — lāghavaṃ relative importance or value. Ś. 5. — vartin, -vāsin m. a student (brahmacārin) who resides at his preceptor's house. — vāraḥ, -vāsaraḥ Thursday. — vṛttiḥ f. the conduct of a pupil towards his preceptor. — vyatha a. greatly distressed, heavy with grief. — śikharin m. an epithet of the Himālaya.

Original text · German · Word type unspecified

gurú f. gurvī schwer (eig. u. übertr.), groß, stark, wichtig, würdig, lang (prosod.); drückend, heftig, arg, schlimm; m. ehrwürdige Person, d. i. Vater, Mutter, älterer Verwandter, bes. Lehrer (auch Pl.), das Haupt von (Gen. o. —˚). [Page110-1] Compar. gurutara u. gárīyas schwerer, würdiger als (Abl., so auch guru); auch absol. sehr schwer, würdig etc.; Superl. gariṣṭha stark angeschwollen.

Original text · French · adjective

guru guru a. (f. gurvī) grave, lourd, pesant; gros, grand, haut, profond, large, long; long [par oppos. à laghu bref] tg. Au fig. grave, difficile, ardu; grave, respectable, vénérable; remarquable, considérable. — S. m. père spirituel, instituteur [qui peut être le père de famille ou un brâhmane qconque]. Surn. de Bṛhaspati. — Au du. gurū le père et la mère, l'instituteur et sa femme. — Comp. garīyas; sup. gariṣṭha. — Lat. gravis; goth. kauriths. gurukārya n. (kṛ) affaire importante. Office ou devoir d'instituteur. gurukrama m. enseignement traditionnel. guruṇṭaka m. esp. de paon. gurutalpa et gurutalpaga m. élève qui viole le lit de son instituteur. gurudaivata m. le 8ᵉ astérisme lunaire auquel préside Bṛhaspati. gurupatra n. étain. — F. le tamarin, arbre. gurumardala m. esp. de tambour. guruvarcoghna m. (varcas; han) limon, citron, [considérés comme rafraichissants]. guruvṛtti a. de nature grave ou longue, tg. guruhan m. assassin de son instituteur.