Handwritten Devanāgarī lines on a manuscript page.

Numeral one · eka (f.)

Compare the forms of eka by case and number. Use the table to recognise endings and practise the forms in the matching game.

Notes on the forms

The forms follow Whitney’s Sanskrit Grammar. At the end of a word spoken on its own, ḥ represents final s or r; āi and āu appear as ai and au. You can show word accents in the Latin transliteration (IAST). Forms labelled as models follow the formation rules. The game uses the filled cells.

one / some · feminine

Numeral one · eka (f.)
CasesSingularDualPlural
Nominative
ekā · एका Model form
one 		—Not applicable
ekāḥ · एकाः Model form
some
Accusative
ekām · एकाम् Model form
one 		—Not applicable
ekāḥ · एकाः Model form
some
Instrumental
ekayā · एकया Model form
with one 		—Not applicable
ekābhiḥ · एकाभिः Model form
with some
Dative
ekasyai · एकस्यै Model form
to one 		—Not applicable
ekābhyaḥ · एकाभ्यः Model form
to some
Ablative
ekasyāḥ · एकस्याः Model form
from one 		—Not applicable
ekābhyaḥ · एकाभ्यः Model form
from some
Genitive
ekasyāḥ · एकस्याः Model form
of one 		—Not applicable
ekāsām · एकासाम् Model form
of some
Locative
ekasyām · एकस्याम् Model form
at one 		—Not applicable
ekāsu · एकासु Model form
at some
Vocative
eke · एके Model form
O one 		—Not applicable
ekāḥ · एकाः Model form
O some

For numerals, the word itself determines whether singular, dual or plural is used. The table follows the source. Model forms show how the formation rules apply, with earlier forms and variants listed alongside.

Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 482a–c; VII 524

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