Handwritten Devanāgarī lines on a manuscript page.

ṛ-stem with strong ar · mātṛ (f.)

Compare the forms by case and number. The notes explain variants and special features; you can practise these forms in the matching game.

Notes on the forms

The forms follow Whitney’s Sanskrit Grammar. At the end of a word spoken on its own, ḥ represents final s or r; āi and āu appear as ai and au. You can show word accents in the Latin transliteration (IAST). Forms labelled as models follow the formation rules. The game uses the filled cells.

mother · feminine

ṛ-stem with strong ar · mātṛ (f.)
CasesSingularDualPlural
Nominative
mātā · माता Model form
the mother
mātarau · मातरौ Model form
the two mothers
mātaraḥ · मातरः Model form
the mothers
Accusative
mātaram · मातरम् Model form
the mother
mātarau · मातरौ Model form
the two mothers
mātṝḥ · मातॄः
the mothers
Instrumental
mātrā · मात्रा Model form
with the mother
mātṛbhyām · मातृभ्याम् Model form
with the two mothers
mātṛbhiḥ · मातृभिः Model form
with the mothers
Dative
mātre · मात्रे Model form
for the mother
mātṛbhyām · मातृभ्याम् Model form
for the two mothers
mātṛbhyaḥ · मातृभ्यः Model form
for the mothers
Ablative
mātuḥ · मातुः Model form
from the mother
mātṛbhyām · मातृभ्याम् Model form
from the two mothers
mātṛbhyaḥ · मातृभ्यः Model form
from the mothers
Genitive
mātuḥ · मातुः Model form
of the mother
mātroḥ · मात्रोः Model form
of the two mothers
mātṝṇām · मातॄणाम् Model form
of the mothers
Locative
mātari · मातरि Model form
at the mother
mātroḥ · मात्रोः Model form
at the two mothers
mātṛṣu · मातृषु Model form
at the mothers
Vocative
mātaḥ · मातः Model form
O mother
mātarau · मातरौ Model form
O two mothers
mātaraḥ · मातरः Model form
O mothers

mātṛ follows the pitṛ pattern with strong ar; its feminine accusative plural is mātṝḥ. duhitṛ (daughter) belongs to this feminine kinship type as well. svasṛ is a separate type with strong ār.

Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 369–373a

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