Handwritten Devanāgarī lines on a manuscript page.

Numeral four · catur (f.)

Compare the forms of catur by case and number. Use the table to recognise endings and practise the forms in the matching game.

Notes on the forms

The forms follow Whitney’s Sanskrit Grammar. At the end of a word spoken on its own, ḥ represents final s or r; āi and āu appear as ai and au. You can show word accents in the Latin transliteration (IAST). Forms labelled as models follow the formation rules. The game uses the filled cells.

four · feminine

Numeral four · catur (f.)
CasesSingularDualPlural
Nominative —Not applicable —Not applicable
catasraḥ · चतस्रः Model form
four
Accusative —Not applicable —Not applicable
catasraḥ · चतस्रः Model form
four
Instrumental —Not applicable —Not applicable
catasṛbhiḥ · चतसृभिः
with four
Dative —Not applicable —Not applicable
catasṛbhyaḥ · चतसृभ्यः
for four
Ablative —Not applicable —Not applicable
catasṛbhyaḥ · चतसृभ्यः
from four
Genitive —Not applicable —Not applicable
catasṛṇām · चतसृणाम्
catasṝṇām · चतसॄणाम्
of four
Locative —Not applicable —Not applicable
catasṛṣu · चतसृषु
at four
Vocative —Not applicable —Not applicable
catasraḥ · चतस्रः Model form
O four

For numerals, the word itself determines whether singular, dual or plural is used. The table follows the source. Model forms show how the formation rules apply, with earlier forms and variants listed alongside.

Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 482g–h; IV 314

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