Notes on the forms
The forms follow Whitney’s Sanskrit Grammar. At the end of a word spoken on its own, ḥ represents final s or r; āi and āu appear as ai and au. You can show word accents in the Latin transliteration (IAST). Forms labelled as models follow the formation rules. The game uses the filled cells.
charioteer · masculine
| Cases | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
rathīḥ · रथीः
Model form
the charioteer
|
rathiā · रथिआ
Model form
the two charioteers
|
rathiaḥ · रथिअः
Model form
the charioteers
|
| Accusative |
rathiam · रथिअम्
Model form
the charioteer
|
rathiā · रथिआ
Model form
the two charioteers
|
rathiaḥ · रथिअः
Model form
the charioteers
|
| Instrumental |
rathiā · रथिआ
Model form
with the charioteer
|
rathībhyām · रथीभ्याम्
Model form
with the two charioteers
|
rathībhiḥ · रथीभिः
Model form
with the charioteers
|
| Dative |
rathie · रथिए
Model form
for the charioteer
|
rathībhyām · रथीभ्याम्
Model form
for the two charioteers
|
rathībhyaḥ · रथीभ्यः
Model form
for the charioteers
|
| Ablative |
rathiaḥ · रथिअः
Model form
from the charioteer
|
rathībhyām · रथीभ्याम्
Model form
from the two charioteers
|
rathībhyaḥ · रथीभ्यः
Model form
from the charioteers
|
| Genitive |
rathiaḥ · रथिअः
Model form
of the charioteer
|
rathioḥ · रथिओः
Model form
of the two charioteers
|
rathīnām · रथीनाम्
Model form
of the charioteers
|
| Locative | —Not attested here |
rathioḥ · रथिओः
Model form
at the two charioteers
|
rathīṣu · रथीषु
Model form
at the charioteers
|
| Vocative | —Not attested here |
rathiā · रथिआ
Model form
O two charioteers
|
rathiaḥ · रथिअः
Model form
O charioteers
|
Whitney combines individual attested forms of these words into a shared inflection pattern (§356). The spelling shows his Vedic phonetic reading, such as nadíam. Traditional spelling may contract these sounds to nadyàm.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 356a–b; 314
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