Handwritten Devanāgarī lines on a manuscript page.

Root stem in r · gir (f.)

Compare the forms of gir by case and number. Use the table to recognise endings and practise the forms in the matching game.

Notes on the forms

The forms follow Whitney’s Sanskrit Grammar. At the end of a word spoken on its own, ḥ represents final s or r; āi and āu appear as ai and au. You can show word accents in the Latin transliteration (IAST). Forms labelled as models follow the formation rules. The game uses the filled cells.

song · feminine

Root stem in r · gir (f.)
CasesSingularDualPlural
Nominative
gīḥ · गीः Model form
the song
girau · गिरौ Model form
the two songs
giraḥ · गिरः Model form
the songs
Accusative
giram · गिरम् Model form
the song
girau · गिरौ Model form
the two songs
giraḥ · गिरः Model form
the songs
Instrumental
girā · गिरा Model form
with the song
gīrbhyām · गीर्भ्याम् Model form
with the two songs
gīrbhiḥ · गीर्भिः Model form
with the songs
Dative
gire · गिरे Model form
for the song
gīrbhyām · गीर्भ्याम् Model form
for the two songs
gīrbhyaḥ · गीर्भ्यः Model form
for the songs
Ablative
giraḥ · गिरः Model form
from the song
gīrbhyām · गीर्भ्याम् Model form
from the two songs
gīrbhyaḥ · गीर्भ्यः Model form
from the songs
Genitive
giraḥ · गिरः Model form
of the song
giroḥ · गिरोः Model form
of the two songs
girām · गिराम् Model form
of the songs
Locative
giri · गिरि Model form
at the song
giroḥ · गिरोः Model form
at the two songs
gīrṣu · गीर्षु Model form
at the songs
Vocative
gīḥ · गीः Model form
O song
girau · गिरौ Model form
O two songs
giraḥ · गिरः Model form
O songs

The translation gives you one possible meaning, with case and number alongside it. Highlights help you compare the forms. Devanāgarī character clusters stay together.

Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 392a

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