kim किम् – what; who; which

Original text · English · Word type unspecified

kím ·(n. sgl. of ki to ka1, used also °-- as stem o. = kád q.v.) what? as adv. whence? wherefore? why? also merely interr. = num, an; in all these mgs o. connected with aṅgá, iti, iva, u, uta, nu (khalu), vā, svid, in the second clause of a double question kim alone or w. uta, u vā, nu vā, vā, also (without kim) uta, uta vā & vāpi, atha vā or āho svid. -- With cana (ca na), cid (& api*) indef. = something, a little (kimapi also in l. l. rather, much, vehemently); w. all three & a neg. by no means, not at all. kimu how much more, however. still. kiṃ ca moreover, further (esp. between two stanzas). kiṃ tu yet, however, nevertheless. kimuta & kiṃ nu how much more or less. kiṃ punar the same + still, yet however. kimuddiśya for what purpose (lit. aiming at what)? kim w. instr. what is gained by? what is the use of? what is it (instr.) to (gen.)?

Original text · English · particle

kim kim, ind. (originally nom. and acc. sing. n. of 2. ka, q. v.), how? whence? wherefore? why?

Original text · English · Word type unspecified

Kim is much used as a particle of interrogation like the Lat. num, an, sometimes translateable by ‘whe- ther?’ but oftener serving only like a note of interro- gation to mark a question (e. g. kiṃ vyādhā vane 'smin sañcaranti, do hunters roam about in this wood ? In an interrogation the verb if uncom- pounded with a preposition generally retains its accent after kim). To this sense may be referred the kim expressing blame, deficiency, &c., at the beginning of compounds (e. g. kiṃ-rājan, what sort of a king? i. e. a bad king); also the kim prefixed to verbs with a similar meaning (e. g. kim-adhīte, he reads badly). Kim — uta or kim — utavā or kim — uta — uta or kim — athavā — uta, whether — or — or; [cf. uta.]

Original text · English · Word type unspecified

Kim is very frequently connected with other parti- cles, as follows: kim aṅga, wherefore then? atha kim, how else? surely; kim api, somewhat, to a considerable extent, rather, much more, still further; kim iti, why ? (see iti); kimu or kimuta, how much more ? how much less? kiṃ kila, what a pity! (expressing dissatisfaction); kiñca, moreover, further; kiñ-cana (originally negative = ‘in no way’), to a certain degree, a little; kiñcit, somewhat, a little; kiṃ tarhi, how then ? but, however; kintu, but, however, nevertheless (bearing the same relation to tu that kiñca bears to ca); kin-nu, whether indeed? (a stronger interrogative than kim alone); how much more? how much less? kin nu khalu, how possibly? (a still stronger interrogative); kim punar, how much more ? how much less? kiṃ vā, whether? or whether ? or, (often a mere particle of interroga- tion); kiṃ svit, whether ? how? (a mere particle of interrogation like the last).

Original text · German · adverb

√kim (von 1. ki) 1〉 nom. acc. sg. n. zu 1. ka s. daselbst. — 2〉 adv. AK. 3,4,32,12. AK. 3,3,5,5. H. 1536. H. an. 7,7. MED. avy. 52. a〉 wie, woher, warum: kiṃ nà indra jighāṃsasi ṚV. 1,170,2. kimā̀sāthe ṚV. 182,3. ṚV. 4,5,12. ṚV. 8,69,5. kiṃ nodùdu harṣase̱ dāta̱vā ù ṚV. 4,21,9. kima̱smabhyàṃ jātavedo hṛṇīṣe ṚV. 7,104,14. ṚV. 8,8,8. ṚV. 8,21,6. ṚV. 8,62,11. kimidaṃ vaikṛtaṃ kṛtam R. 1,9,45. kiṃ jahāsi mām N. 11,3. N. 12,12. N. 12,15. N. 12,17. N. 26,17. BRĀHMAṆ. 3,2. R. 2,31,7. DAŚ. 2,6. DAŚ. 2,29. HIT. Pr. 28. HIT. Pr. 12,20. HIT. Pr. 14,20. HIT. Pr. 31,21. HIT. Pr. I, 168. ŚĀK. 56,13. ŚĀK. 70,22. ŚĀK. 95,13. VID. 66. VID. 240. DHŪRTAS. 85,12. DHŪRTAS. 86,3. bahulībhūtametatkiṃ na kathyate warum sollte dieses, da es schon allgemein bekannt geworden ist, nicht erzählt werden? ŚĀK. 79,11. — b〉 Fragewort, num, an: kimu̱ śreṣṭha̱ḥ kiṃ yavìṣṭho na̱ ā jàga̱nkimī̀yate dū̱tyàm ṚV. 1,161,1. ṚV. 4,23,6. kiṃ mè ha̱vyamahṛ̀ṇāno juṣeta ṚV. 7,86,2. kiṃ rajàsa e̱nā pa̱ro a̱nyadastì AV. 5,11,5. sāmyaṃ saumyecchasīti kim M. 11,195. kiṃ māṃ na trātumarhasi N. 12,13. na bibheṣi hiḍimbe kiṃ matkopādvipramohitā HIḌ. 3,17. kiṃ kvacicchyeno bālakaṃ hartuṃ śaknoti PAÑCAT. 100,21. jātimātreṇa kiṃ kaściddhanyate pūjyate kvacit HIT. I, 51. HIT. I,167. asminnirjane vane kadācitkiṃ vyādhāḥ saṃcaranti HIT. I,39,4. ŚĀK. 8,3. ŚĀK. 23,11. ŚĀK. 29,12. ŚĀK. 61,9. HIT. I, 72. VID. 296. BRAHMA-P. in LA. 57,2. ŚṚṄGĀRAT. 14. ŚṚṄGĀRAT. 19. ŚṚṄGĀRAT. 21. kaṭamakārṣīḥ kim . na karomi oder nākārṣam P. 3,2,121, Sch. kiṃ mayāpakṛtaṃ tasya yat habe ich ihm Etwas zu Leide gethan, dass VIŚV. 4,4. parityaktā vasiṣṭhena kimaham — yāhaṃ rājabhaṭairdīnā hriyeya hat mich Vas. in Stich gelassen, das ich u. s. w. 3. parityaktā tvayāham — yasmādrājabhaṭā māṃ hi nayanti tvatsakāśataḥ 8. Wenn die Handlung in Frage gestellt wird, behält das verbum fin., wenn es von keiner praep. begleitet ist, seinen Ton nach P. 8,1,44. kiṃ devadattaḥ pacati . āho svidbhuṅkte kocht Dev. oder isst er? Sch. In den folgenden Beispielen dagegen ist das verbum fin. unbetont: kiṃ devadatta odanaṃ pacati . āho svicchākam .. kiṃ devadattaḥ prapacati . uta prakaroti . ebend. — kiṃ rajjuḥ kiṃ sarpaḥ ist es ein Strick oder eine Schlange? H. 1536, Sch. kim — uta ŚĀK. 69. ŚĀK. 33,12. tanna jāne kiṃ padbhyāṃ gatā uta pravahaṇeneti MṚCCH. 147,22. MṚCCH. 48,20. MṚCCH. 49,3. KUMĀRAS. 6,23. SĀH. D. 38,13. VOP. 25,22. kimanurakto virakto vāpi mayi svāmīti jñāsyāmi HIT. 53,18. kim — uta vā PAÑCAT. 68,14. SĀH. D. 5,9. kim — uta — uta BHARTṚ. 3,77. kim — uta — atha vā KATHĀS. 17,112. kim — uta — āho svit ŚĀK. 106. kim — atha vā — uta R. 5,51,7. kim — kiṃ vā ŚṚṄGĀRAT. 7. kim — kiṃ vā — kiṃ vā PAÑCAT. 34,15. PAÑCAT. 34,16. kim — kim — vā — atha MṚCCH. 171,24. Das einen Mangel, einen Tadel ausdrückende kim am Anf. eines comp. gehört auch hierher: kiṃrājan ist das ein König? d. i. ein schlechter König P. 2,1,64. P. 5,4,70. Auch mit einem verb. fin. verbunden: kimadhīte er liest schlecht (liest er wirklich?) P. 8,1,44, Sch. — c〉 in Verbindung mit andern Partikeln: α〉 mit aṅga wie doch, warum doch: kima̱ṅga vā̱ṃ pratyavàrti̱ṃ gamìṣṭhā̱huḥ ṚV. 3,58,3. ṚV. 6,44,10. ṚV. 6,52,3. ṚV. 10,42,3. AV. 6,45,1. AV. 10,7,37. — β〉 mit vorang. atha s. unter atha 7,c. — γ〉 mit api sehr, gehörig, heftig: kimapi manasaḥ saṃmoho me tadā balavānabhūt ŚĀK. 183. stananyastośīraṃ śithilitamṛṇālaikavalayaṃ priyāyāḥ sābādhaṃ kimapi ramaṇīyaṃ vapuridam ŚĀK. 57. kimapi rudatī MEGH. 110. MEGH. 111. ŚĀNTIŚ. 4,15. GĪT. 1,14. — noch mehr: mitraṃ vararuceḥ prāptaḥ kimapyeṣa purohitaḥ ein Freund des Var. ist gekommen, noch mehr, es ist der Oberpriester KATHĀS. 4,55. KATHĀS. 2,82. āgatāvantikā devi kimapyasmānvidhūya tu . praviṣṭā rājaputrasya gṛhaṃ gopālakasya sā .. KATHĀS. 16,98. kimapyahiṃsyastava cenmato 'haṃ yaśaḥśarīre bhava me dayāluḥ RAGH. 2,57. — δ〉 mit iti s. unter 1. iti 5. — e〉 mit u und uta s. unter 2. u 3,c und 7 und unter 2. uta 3 und 5. Zu der Bed. wie viel mehr oder weniger, ja sogar haben wir aus der älteren Literatur folgende Beispiele nachzutragen: (asmi) a̱bhi dvā kimu̱ trayàḥ karanti ṚV. 10,48,7. kimādu̱tāsì vṛtrahanmanyu̱mattàmaḥ ṚV. 4,30,7. kimu̱ tvāvā̀nmu̱ṣkayòrba̱ddha ā̀sate ṚV. 10,38,5. ŚAT. BR. 1,1,1,8. kimuta tvareran ŚAT. BR. 13,5,3,5. kimvetāvanmātramupajānīta ŚAT. BR. 1,6,1,4. kimuta — kimuta utrum — an H. 1536, Sch. — ζ〉 mit kila als Ausdruck des Unwillens (nach SIDDH. K.) P. 3,3,151. na saṃbhāvayāmi na marṣayāmi tatrabhavānkiṃ kila vṛṣalaṃ yājayiṣyati Sch. VOP. 25,12. — η〉 mit ca und noch, ferner, weiter: nāmnā vararuciḥ kiṃ ca kātyāyana iti śrutaḥ KATHĀS. 2,1. bhajasva me sutāṃ kiṃ ca gṛhāṇāparanūpuram KATHĀS. 25,205. kālanemirapi kramāt . mahādhano 'bhūtkiṃ cāsya dinaiḥ putro 'pyajāyata .. KATHĀS. 10,13. KATHĀS. 1,33. KATHĀS. 14,67. PAÑCAT. 226,11. HIT. 24,4, v. l. SĀH. D. 4,1. Mit den Worten kiṃ ca fordert ein ungeduldig Zuhörender den Sprechenden auf, seine Erzählung schneller zu Ende zu führen ŚĀK. 126. ŚĀK. 89,17. Dient häufig zur Verknüpfung zweier, in die Prosa eingestreuter Sprüche in gebundener Rede und verwandten Inhalts, HIT. 4,18. HIT. 6,5. HIT. 12,8. Mit kiṃ ca (ein verstärktes ca, welches nicht voranstehen kann) wechseln: tathā ca, api ca, anyacca, aparaṃ ca. Nach den Lexicogrr. steht kiṃ ca sākalye und ārambhe H. an. 7,19. MED. avy. 14. — ϑ〉 mit ca na (cana) auch nicht (verstärkend) irgendwie, auf keine Weise: na hi śakṣyāmi kiṃ ca na . parityaktumahaṃ bandhuṃ svayaṃ jīvannṛśaṃsavat .. MBH. 1,6132. — etwas, ein wenig H. 1536. upādhyāyamathābhyarthya tayā kiṃcana dīnayā . krameṇa śikṣitaścāhaṃ lipiṃ gaṇitameva ca .. KATHĀS. 6,32. — ι〉 mit cid etwas, ein wenig AK. 3,5,8. H. 1536. kiṃcidavāṅmukhaḥ DRAUP. 9,24. VIŚV. 7,7. VIŚV. 7,15. kiṃcitkopasamanvitaḥ N. 19,14. kiṃcidāmīlitekṣaṇaḥ R. 3,22,18. R. 3,22,17 kiṃcidgatvā MṚCCH. 127,2. VID. 23. kiṃcidvihasya RAGH. 2,46. ŚĀK. 17,8. ŚĀK. 81,17. ŚĀK. 81,141. MEGH. 16. MEGH. 42. H. 297. Mit nachfolgendem iti ŚĀK. 12,17. RAGH. 12,21. — ϰ〉 mit tarhi sondern (urspr. wie denn?): nāyamanukarṣaṇārthaścakāraḥ . kiṃ tarhyatvamanena vidhīyate PAT._zu_P. 2,2,4. pautraprabhṛtivacanaṃ na sāmānādhikaraṇyenāpatyaṃ viśeṣayati . kiṃ tarhi ṣaṣṭhyā vipariṇamyate KĀŚ._zu_P. 4,1,163. — λ〉 mit tu aber, jedoch, nichtsdestoweniger; verhält sich zu dem einfachen tu wie kiṃ ca zu ca. kāmaṃ ca mama na nyāyyaṃ praṣṭuṃ tvāṃ kāryamīdṛśam . kiṃ tu kāryagarīyastvāttatastvāhamacūcudam .. MBH. 1,1916. nītistāvadīdṛśyeva . kiṃ tvahamasmadāśritānāṃ duḥkhaṃ soḍhuṃ sarvathāsamarthaḥ HIT. 15,18. labdhāvakāśo me manorathaḥ . kiṃ tu sakhyāḥ parihāsodāhṛtāṃ varaprārthanāṃ śrutvā dhṛtadvaidhībhāvakātaraṃ me manaḥ ŚĀK. 15,10. MBH. 3,314. R. 2,31,21. R. 3,19,12. R. 4,6,19. R. 4,9,102. PAÑCAT. 74,11. PAÑCAT. 164,12. PAÑCAT. 167,5. PAÑCAT. 201,8. HIT. 10,11. HIT. 27,17. HIT. 86,4. RAGH. 1,65. KATHĀS. 4,33. KATHĀS. 13,162. BRAHMA-P. in LA. 51,6. DHŪRTAS. 76,6. PRAB. 89,4. VET. 29,15. kiṃ tu tathāpi HIT. 11,6. paraṃ kiṃ tu PAÑCAT. 15,16. PAÑCAT. 45,2. PAÑCAT. 81,5. — μ〉 mit nu verstärktes Fragewort MED. avy. 43. kiṃ nu svapno mayā dṛṣṭaḥ N. 12,73. mahābalā kiṃ nviha durbaleva sauvīrarājasya matāhamasmi DRAUP. 5,13. DRAUP. 2,2. kiṃ nu te 'dūṣayadrājā rāmo vā — yayormṛtyurvivāsaśca tvatkṛte tulyamāgatau R. 2,74,3. kiṃ nu syāddhimavānbhinnaḥ kiṃ nu sviddīryate mahī MBH. 2,933. kiṃ nu syānmātalirayam N. 19,25. kiṃ nu me maraṇaṃ śreyaḥ parityāgo janasya vā N. 10,10. kiṃ nu garhāmyathātmānamatha bhīṣmaṃ durāsadam . atha vā pitaram MBH._in_BENF. Chr. 8,28. fg. suptā kiṃ nu mṛtā nu kiṃ manasi me līnā vilīnā nu kim VET. 11,15. — wie viel mehr oder weniger: etānna hantumicchāmi — api trailokyarājyasya hetoḥ kiṃ nu mahīkṛte BHAG. 1,35. — kiṃ nu khalu woher doch: kiṃ nu khalu gītārthamākarṇyeṣṭajanavirahādṛte 'pi balavadutkaṇṭhito 'smi ŚĀK. 60,4. kiṃ nu khalu bāle 'sminnaurasa iva putre snihyati me manaḥ ŚĀK. 102,6. verstärktes Fragewort: kiṃ nu khalu me priyādarśanādṛte śaraṇamanyat habe ich wohl eine andere Zuflucht als den Anblick der Geliebten? ŚĀK. 32,12. kiṃ nu khalu yathā vayamasyāmevamiyamasmānprati syāt ŚĀK. 17,13. — ν〉 mit punar wie viel mehr oder weniger: māṃ hi pārtha vyapāśritya ye 'pi syuḥ pāpayonayaḥ . striyo vaiśyāstathā śūdrāste 'pi yānti parāṃ gatim .. kiṃ punarbrāhmaṇāḥ puṇyāḥ bhaktā rājarṣayastathā . BHAG. 9,33. devadānavagandharvā yakṣāḥ patagapannagāḥ . na śaktā rāvaṇaṃ soḍhuṃ kiṃ punarmānavā yudhi .. R. 1,22,21. R. 2,23,22. R. 3,3,4. R. 3,14,21. R. 4,7,3. R. 4,28,22. R. 4,53,24. ARJ. 5,2. VARĀH. BṚH. S._in_Z. f. d. K. d. M. 4,317. PAÑCAT. 45,5. PAÑCAT. I, 452. MEGH. 3. MEGH. 17. — ξ〉 mit vāḥ kiṃ vā śakuntaletyasya māturākhyā ob wohl Śāk. der Name seiner Mutter ist? ŚĀK. 105,7. kiṃ vābhaviṣyadaruṇastamasāṃ vibhettā taṃ cetsahasrakiraṇo dhuri nākariṣyat würde wohl Ar. der Zerstreuer sein, wenn nicht u. s. w. ŚĀK. 163. — oder in und ausserhalb der Frage: rājaputri suptā kiṃ vā jāgarṣi PAÑCAT. 44,21. ŚṚṄGĀRAT. 7. tatkiṃ divāpi śastreṇa mārayāmi kiṃ vā viṣaṃ prayacchāmi kiṃ vā paśudharmeṇa vyāpādayāmi PAÑCAT. 34,15. PAÑCAT. 34,16. so 'yaṃ svāmyamātyayorekatamasya kiṃ vā dvayorapi vinipātaḥ saṃpadyate lagnam PAÑCAT. 92,5. — ο〉 mit svid warum wohl: kiṃ svidatra niṣiddhaṃ me tayā pṛṣṭhe 'dhirohaṇam KATHĀS. 26,75. — verstärktes Fragewort: kiṃ svìtpu̱trebhyàḥ pi̱tarā̱ upā̀vatuḥ ṚV. 1,161,10. kimapì svi̱dekàm ṚV. 1,164,6. kiṃ svidagninibho bhāti kiṃ svitsaumyadarśanaḥ MBH. 1,1327. kiṃ svidbālavinaṣṭena kṛtaṃ kiṃcidbhavet KATHĀS. 14,48.

Original text · German · Word type unspecified

√kim 2〉a〉 kiṃ brūmaḥ śucitām was sollen wir noch von der Lauterkeit reden? Spr. 3020. — c〉γ〉 vidhāturdoṣo 'yaṃ na ca guṇanidhestasya kimapi nicht im Entferntesten aber seine Spr. 5262. — η〉 Spr. 1611. Z. 7 lies 72,4 st. 126. — ι〉 (yaḥ) na mūrchitaḥ kaṭukānyāha kiṃcit durchaus nicht Spr. 4907. — λ〉 kim, kiṃ vā, kiṃ tu in der Frage Spr. 672.

Original text · German · Word type unspecified

√kim 1〉c〉ι〉 Z. 5 lies iva st. iti.

Original text · German · adverb

kím — 1〉 Nom. Acc. n. von 1. ka. — 2〉 Adv. — a〉 woher? warum? weshalb? wozu? — b〉 blosses Fragewort, num, an. In Doppelfragen an zweiter Stelle kim Chr. 166,32. Chr. 171,28. Chr. 248,25. kimuta Chr. 129,9. kimu vā Chr. 116,29. kiṃ nu vā Chr. 120,5. kiṃ vā, atha vā (Chr. 183,30), āho svid, uta, uta vā, vā (Chr. 156,24. Chr. 185,19) und vāpi. Bei einer dreifachen Frage an zweiter und dritter Stelle kiṃ vā — kiṃ vā, atha vā — uta, uta — uta, uta — atha vā und uta — āho svid. Bei einer vierfachen an zweiter und den folgenden Stellen kimu — kim — kiṃ vā (Spr. 8728) und kim — vā — atha. — c〉 *mit einem Verbum fin. einen Tadel ausdrückend. — d〉 in Verbindung mit nachfolgenden Partikeln: — α〉 aṅgá 1〉 warum doch? warum sonst? 2〉 wie viel mehr Spr. 2706. — β〉 api (erst bei KĀLIDĀSA) 1〉 sehr, gehörig, heftig, stark Spr. 7620. Spr. 7658. Spr. 7715. Mit einer Negation durchaus nicht Spr. 7828. RAGH. 2,57 2〉 noch mehr, ja sogar. — γ〉 iti 1〉 woher? warum? weshalb? 2〉 ungenau für iti kim Chr. 173,12. — δ〉 iva wozu? Spr. 1170. — ε〉 u s. u. 2. u 6〉. kímu — kím ṚV. 1,161,1. kimu — atha Chr. 177,5. kim — kimu vā Chr. 116,29. — ζ〉 uta s. 2. uta 2〉 und 3〉. — η〉 *kila und Fut. dass nach nicht für möglich halten, nicht leiden P. 3,3,146. — ϑ〉 ca und auch, — noch, ferner, weiter Chr. 43,13. — ι〉 ca na (cana) 1〉 mit einer Negation auf keine Weise, durchaus nicht. 2〉 etwas, ein wenig. — ϰ〉 cid etwas, ein wenig. Auch mit nachfolgendem iva. Mit einer Negation durchaus nicht Spr. 5617. — λ〉 tarhi sondern. — μ〉 tu aber, jedoch [Page2-065-c] Spr. 1737. nichtsdestoweniger. Auch mit nachfolgendem tathāpi oder vorangehendem param. — ν〉 nu 1〉 verstärktes Fragewort. kiṃ nu — vā, kiṃ nu — kiṃ nu svid, kiṃ nu — atha — atha vā, kiṃ nu — nu — kim — nu kim Spr. 2102. kim — kiṃ nu vā Chr. 120,5 2〉 wie viel mehr oder weniger. — ξ〉 nu khalu 1〉 woher doch? 2〉 verstärktes Fragewort. — ο〉 punar 1〉 wie viel mehr oder weniger. 2〉 jedoch BĀLAR. 101,13. 191,14. 229,18. 275,20. 3〉 sondern BĀLAR. 275,7. — π〉 vā 1〉 ob wohl? kiṃ vā — kiṃ vā Chr. 169,30. — 2〉 oder in und ausserhalb der Frage. — ρ〉 svid 1〉 warum wohl? 2〉 ob wohl? ṚV. 1,161,10. mit Potent. Chr. 127,28. KATHĀS. 14,48. kiṃ svid — kiṃ svid in einer Doppelfrage. — e〉 mit vorangehendem atha wie denn anders? so ist es, allerdings.

Original text · English · particle

1. kim ind. Used for ku only at the beginning of comp. to convey the senses of ‘badness,’ ‘deterioration’, ‘defect,’ ‘blame’ or ‘censure’; e. g., kiṃsakhā a bad friend; kinnaraḥ a bad or deformed man &c.; see comp. below. Comp. — dāsaḥ a bad slave, ([Page 0403-a]) or servant. — naraḥ a bad or deformed man; a mythical being with a human figure and the head of a horse (aśvamukha); jayodāharaṇaṃ bāhvorgāpayāmāsa kinnarān R. 4. 78; Ku. 1. 8. ˚īśaḥ, ˚īśvaraḥ 1 an epithet of Kubera. 2 a kind of musical instrument. ( — rī f.) 1 a female Kinnara; Me. 56. 2 a kind of lute. — puruṣaḥ ‘a low or despicable man’, a mythical being with a human head and the form of a horse; Ku. 1. 14. ˚īśvaraḥ an epithet of Kubera. — prabhuḥ a bad master or king; hitānna yaḥ saṃśṛṇute sa kiṃprabhuḥ Ki. 1. 5. — rājan a. having a bad king. ( — m.) a bad king. — sakhi m. (nom. sing. kiṃsakhā) a bad friend: sa kiṃsakhā sādhu na śāsti yo'dhipaṃ Ki. 1. 5.

Original text · English · particle · pronoun

2 kim pron. a. (nom. sing. kaḥ m., kā f., kim n.) 1 Who, what, which (used interrogatively); prajāsu kaḥ kena pathā prayātītyaśeṣato veditumasti śaktiḥ Ś. 6. 25; karuṇāvimukhena mṛtyunā haratā tvāṃ vada kiṃ na me hṛtaṃ R. 8. 67; kā khalvanena prārthyamānātmanā vikatthate V. 2; kaḥ ko'tra bhoḥ The pronoun is often used to imply ‘power or authority to do a thing’; i. e. ke āvāṃ paritrātuṃ duṣyaṃtamākraṃda Ś. 1 ‘who are we &c.’, i. e. what power have we &c.; nṛpasadmani nāma ke vayaṃ Bh. 3. 27 who are we, i. e. what position have we &c. Sometimes kiṃ means ‘long’ as applied to time especially in combination with khalu or api or iva; kā khalu velā tatrabhavatyāḥ prāptāyāḥ Ve. 1 ‘what a time’ i. e. a long time has elapsed, &c; so kopi kālastasyāāgatya gatāyāḥ Ratn. 3; or ka iva kālaḥ Māl. 3. 2 The neuter (kiṃ) is frequently used with instr. of nouns in the sense of ‘what is the use of; kiṃ svāmiceṣṭānirūpaṇena H. 1; lobhaścedaguṇena . kiṃ &c. Bh. 2. 55; kiṃ tayā dṛṣṭayā Ś. 3; kiṃ kulenopadiṣṭena śīlamebātra kāraṇam Mk. 9. 7. api, cit, cana, cidapi or svit are often added to kiṃ to give it an indefinite sense; viveśa kaścijjaṭilastapovanaṃ Ku. 5. 30 a certain ascetic &c.; kāpi tata evāgatavatī Māl. 1 a certain lady; kasyāpi kopīti niveditaṃ ca Māl. 1. 33; kimapi kimapi… jalpatorakrameṇa U. 1. 27; kasmiṃścidapi mahābhāgadheyajanmani manmathavikāramupalakṣitavānasmi Māl. 1. kimapi, kiṃcit ‘a little’, ‘somewhat; Y. 2. 116; U. 6. 35. kimapi also means ‘indescribable’; see ([Page 0403-b]) api. iva is sometimes added to kim in the sense of ‘possibly’, ‘I should like to know’; (mostly adding force and elegance to the period); vinā sītādevyā kimiva hi na duḥkhaṃ raghupateḥ U. 6. 30; kimiva hi madhurāṇāṃ maṃḍanaṃ nākṛtīnāṃ Ś. 1. 20; see iva also. — ind. 1 A particle of interrogation; jātimātreṇa kiṃ kaściddhanyate pūjyate kvacit H. 1. 58 ‘is any one killed or worshipped’ &c.; tataḥ kiṃ what then. 2 A particle meaning ‘why’, ‘wherefore’; kimakāraṇameva darśanaṃ vilapaṃtyai rataye na dīyate Ku. 4. 7. 3 Whether (its correlatives in the sense of ‘or’ being kiṃ, uta, utāho, āhosvit, vā, kiṃvā, athavā; see these words). Comp. — api ind. 1 to some extent, somewhat, to a considerable extent. 2 inexpressibly, indescribably (as to quality, quantity, nature &c.). 3 very much, by far; kimapi kamanīyaṃ vapuridaṃ Ś. 3; kimapi bhīṣaṇaṃ, kimapi karālaṃ &c. — artha a. having what motive or aim; kimartho'yaṃ yatnaḥ. — arthaṃ ind. why, wherefore. — ākhya a. having what name; kimākhyasya rājarṣeḥ sā patnī. Ś. 7. — iti ind. why, indeed, why to be sure, for what purpose (emphasizing the question); tatkimityudāsate bharatāḥ Māl. 1; kimityapāsyābharaṇāni yauvane dhṛtaṃ tvayā vārdhakaśobhi valkalaṃ Ku. 5. 44. — u, -uta 1 whether-or (showing doubt or uncertainty); kimu viṣavisarpaḥ kimu madaḥ U. 1. 35; Amaru. 9. 2 why (indeed); priyasuhṛtsārthaḥ kimu tyajyate. 3 how much more, how much less; yauvanaṃ dhanasaṃpattiḥ prabhutvamavivekitā . ekaikamapyanarthāya kimu yatra catuṣṭayaṃ .. H. Pr. 11; sarvāvinayānāmekaikamapyeṣāmāyatanaṃ kimuta samavāyaḥ K. 103; R. 14. 35; Ku. 7. 65. — karaḥ a servant, slave; avehi māṃ kiṃkaramaṣṭamūrteḥ R. 2. 35. — (rā) a female servant. (rī) the wife of a servant. — kartavyatā, -kāryatā any situation in which one asks oneself what should be done; kiṃkartavyatāmūḍhaḥ ‘being at a loss or perplexed what to do’. — kāraṇa a. having what reason or cause. — kila ind. what a pity (expressing displeasure or dissatisfaction, P. III. 3. 151); na saṃbhāvayāmi na marṣayāmi tatrabhavān kiṃkila vṛṣalaṃ yājayiṣyati Sk. — kṣaṇa a. one who says ‘what is a moment,’ a lazy fellow who does ([Page 0403-c]) not value moments; H. 2. 91. — gotra a. belonging to what family. — ca ind. moreover, and again, further. — cana ind. to a certain degree, a little. — cit ind. to a certain degree, somewhat, a little; kiṃcidutkrāṃ. taśaiśavau R. 15. 33; R. 2. 46, R. 12. 21. ˚jña a. ‘knowing little,’ a smatterer. ˚kara a. doing something, useful. ˚kālaḥ sometime, a little time. ˚prāṇa a. having a little life. ˚mātra a. only a little. — chaṃdas a. conversant with which Veda. — tanuḥ a species of spider. — tarhi ind. how then, but, however. — tu ind., but, yet, however, nevertheless; avaimi caināmanagheti kiṃtu lokāpavādo balavānmato me R. 14. 40, R. 1. 65. — devata a. having what deity. — nāmadheya, nāman a. having what name. — nimitta a. having what cause or reason, for what purpose. — nimittam ind. why, wherefore, — nu ind. 1 whether; kiṃ nu me maraṇaṃ śreyo parityāgo janasya vā Nala. 10. 10. 2 much more, much less; apitrailokyarājyasya hetoḥ kinnu mahīkṛte Bg. 1. 35. 3 what indeed; kiṃnnu me rājyenārthaḥ — nu khalu ind. 1 how possibly, how is it that, why indeed, why to be sure; kiṃ nu khalu gītārthamākarpya iṣṭajanavirahādṛte pi balavadutkāṃṭhito'smi Ś. 5. 2 may it be that; kiṃ nu khalu yathā vayamasyāmevamiyamapyasmān prati syāt Ś. 1. — paca, -pacāna a. miserly, niggardly. — parākrama a. of what power or energy. — punar ind. how much more, how much less; svayaṃ ropiteṣu taruṣūtpadyate snehaḥ kiṃ punaraṃgasaṃbhaveṣvapatyeṣu K. 291; Me. 3, Me. 17; Ve. 3. — prakāraṃ ind. in what manner. — prabhāva a. possessing what power. — bhūta a. of what sort or nature. — rūpa a. of what form or shape. — vadaṃti, -tī f. rumour, report; matsaṃbaṃdhātkaśmalā kiṃvadaṃtī U. 1. 42; U. 1. 4. — varāṭakaḥ an extravagant man. — vā ind. 1 a particle of interrogation; kiṃvā śakuṃtaletyasya māturākhyā Ś. 7. 2 or (corr. of kiṃ ‘whether’); rājaputri suptā kiṃvā jāgarṣi Pt. 1; tatkiṃ mārayāmi kiṃvā viṣaṃ prayacchāmi kiṃvā paśudharmeṇa vyāpādayāmi ibid.; Ś. Til. 7. — vida a. knowing what. — vyāpāra a. following what occupation. — śīla a. of what habits. — svit ind. whether, how; adreḥ śṛṃgaṃ harati pavanaḥ kiṃsvidityunmukhībhiḥ Me. 14.

Original text · German · Word type unspecified

kím was? (n. N. Acc. Sg., s. ki) adv. warum? weshalb? wozu? reine Fragepartikel = num, an, häufig verb. mit aṅgá iti, iva, nu, vā, svid. In der Doppelfr. an zweiter Stelle meistens kim mit uta, u vā, nu vā, vā, auch [Page084-1] uta, uta vā, vā u. vāpi (ohne kim), atha vā o. āho svid. — kiṃ ca na (cana) u. kiṃ cid indef. etwas ein wenig, mit Neg. durchaus nicht. kimapi (dass.* auch mit Neg.); sehr heftig, stark. kimu wieviel mehr; dagegen, jedoch. kiṃ ca und auch, ferner (bes. zwischen 2 Strophen) kiṃ tu derner, jedoch. kiṃ nu wieviel mehr o. weniger. kiṃ punar dass; jedoch, sondern. kim mit Instr. o. Ger. was liegt jemd. (Gen.) daran? wozu?

Original text · French · Word type unspecified

kim kim (n. de kas) qui? quoi? quel? lat. quid.; angl. him. — kim indéc. pourquoi? est-ce que? — kim se construit avec cana, cit, iti, nu, api et conserve le sens de est-ce que? et de pourquoi? — kim punar combien plus, combien moins, à plus forte raison. — kim, avec le g. de la pers. et l'i. de la ch. que fait? qu'importe? — kim mama tena que m'importe cela? — kim tasya jīvitena que lui importe la vie? — kiṃ kāryam, kiṃ kartavyam ou ko'rtham qu'est-ce que cela fait? Pourquoi? Pour quelle raison? — kim ayam qu'est-ce que lui? que vaut-il? un vaurien. kimiti indéc. (iti) pourquoi?