Handwritten Devanāgarī lines on a manuscript page.

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bhū · Class 1 · Present · Parasmaipada

9 learning targets

Tables

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Present class 1Tables: 9
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Present class 2Tables: 8
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Present class 3Tables: 8
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Present class 4Tables: 8
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Present class 5Tables: 8
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Present class 6Tables: 8
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Present class 7Tables: 8
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Present class 8Tables: 8
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Present class 9Tables: 8
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Present class 10Tables: 8
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Common special present stemsTables: 48
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PassiveTables: 12
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PerfectTables: 12
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Periphrastic perfectTables: 4
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The seven aorist formationsTables: 14
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FutureTables: 5
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ConditionalTables: 4
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Periphrastic futureTables: 2
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Benedictive / precativeTables: 2
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CausativeTables: 8
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DesiderativeTables: 8
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DenominativeTables: 4
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IntensiveTables: 8
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Vedic · present subjunctiveTables: 16
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Vedic · injunctiveTables: 6
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Vedic · aorist moodsTables: 10
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Vedic · perfect moodsTables: 6
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Vedic · pluperfectTables: 2
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Forming participlesTables: 9
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Forming gerundivesTables: 3
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Forming infinitivesTables: 1
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Forming absolutivesTables: 2
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Vedic · verbal nominal formsTables: 13
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Refine selection

Person and number let you choose which conjugated forms to practise. Formation tables for participles, infinitives and other verb forms remain complete.

Persons
Number
Language stage
Script
Notes on the forms

You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.

Image source: AYI archive.