Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
hate
| Persons | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd person |
adviṣṭa · अद्विष्ट
Model form
he / she / it hated
|
adviṣātām · अद्विषाताम्
Model form
they both hated
|
adviṣata · अद्विषत
Model form
they hated
|
| 2nd person |
adviṣṭhāḥ · अद्विष्ठाः
Model form
you hated
|
adviṣāthām · अद्विषाथाम्
Model form
you both hated
|
adviḍḍhvam · अद्विड्ढ्वम्
Model form
you hated
|
| 1st person |
adviṣi · अद्विषि
Model form
I hated
|
adviṣvahi · अद्विष्वहि
Model form
we both hated
|
adviṣmahi · अद्विष्महि
Model form
we hated
|
The forms follow Whitney’s formation rules. Compare the highlighted parts to see how each form changes. The translation gives one possible meaning; the sentence provides the context.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 621 b
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