Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
Absolutive · tvā, itvā
| Source form | Derived form | Formation and meaning |
|---|---|---|
| dā |
dattvā · दत्त्वा
Model form |
Absolutive · indeclinablehaving given |
| pat |
patitvā · पतित्वा
Model form |
Absolutive · indeclinablehaving fallen |
| bhid |
bhittvā · भित्त्वा
Model form |
Absolutive · indeclinablehaving split |
| śī |
śayitvā · शयित्वा
Model form |
Absolutive · indeclinablehaving lain |
| nī |
nītvā · नीत्वा
Model form |
Absolutive · indeclinablehaving led |
| dah |
dagdhvā · दग्ध्वा
Model form |
Absolutive · indeclinablehaving burned |
These verb forms keep the same shape in a sentence. The translation gives you one possible meaning; the sentence shows how the form is used.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 968 a, 991
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