Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
hold
| Persons | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd person |
dhārayatu · धारयतु
Model form
may he / she / it hold
|
dhārayatām · धारयताम्
Model form
may they both hold
|
dhārayantu · धारयन्तु
Model form
may they hold
|
| 2nd person |
dhāraya · धारय
Model form
may you hold
|
dhārayatam · धारयतम्
Model form
may you both hold
|
dhārayata · धारयत
Model form
may you hold
|
| 1st person |
dhārayāṇi · धारयाणि
Model form
may I hold
|
dhārayāva · धारयाव
Model form
may we both hold
|
dhārayāma · धारयाम
Model form
may we hold
|
The forms follow Whitney’s formation rules. Compare the highlighted parts to see how each form changes. The translation gives one possible meaning; the sentence provides the context.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 1041–1043 · William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 733–742
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