Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
Present participle · active
| Source form | Derived form | Formation and meaning |
|---|---|---|
| bhū |
bhavant · भवन्त्
Model form |
Present active participle · stembecomingStudy the corresponding declension |
| i |
yant · यन्त्
Model form |
Present active participle · stemgoingStudy the corresponding declension |
| dviṣ |
dviṣant · द्विषन्त्
Model form |
Present active participle · stemhatingStudy the corresponding declension |
| hu |
juhvat · जुह्वत्
Model form |
Present active participle · stemofferingStudy the corresponding declension |
| bhṛ |
bibhrat · बिभ्रत्
Model form |
Present active participle · stemcarryingStudy the corresponding declension |
Here you practise how the form is built from the verb. For participles, you first learn the stem. Follow the links to suitable masculine declension patterns to study their inflected forms.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 619, 655, 741
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