Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
hear
| Persons | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd person |
śrūyate · श्रूयते
Model form
he / she / it is heard
|
śrūyete · श्रूयेते
Model form
they both are heard
|
śrūyante · श्रूयन्ते
Model form
they are heard
|
| 2nd person |
śrūyase · श्रूयसे
Model form
you are heard
|
śrūyethe · श्रूयेथे
Model form
you both are heard
|
śrūyadhve · श्रूयध्वे
Model form
you are heard
|
| 1st person |
śrūye · श्रूये
Model form
I am heard
|
śrūyāvahe · श्रूयावहे
Model form
we both are heard
|
śrūyāmahe · श्रूयामहे
Model form
we are heard
|
The forms follow Whitney’s formation rules. Compare the highlighted parts to see how each form changes. The translation gives one possible meaning; the sentence provides the context.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 770 a, 771
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