Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
hate
| Persons | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd person |
dveṣṭi · द्वेष्टि
Model form
he / she / it hates
|
dviṣṭaḥ · द्विष्टः
Model form
they both hate
|
dviṣanti · द्विषन्ति
Model form
they hate
|
| 2nd person |
dvekṣi · द्वेक्षि
Model form
you hate
|
dviṣṭhaḥ · द्विष्ठः
Model form
you both hate
|
dviṣṭha · द्विष्ठ
Model form
you hate
|
| 1st person |
dveṣmi · द्वेष्मि
Model form
I hate
|
dviṣvaḥ · द्विष्वः
Model form
we both hate
|
dviṣmaḥ · द्विष्मः
Model form
we hate
|
The forms follow Whitney’s formation rules. Compare the highlighted parts to see how each form changes. The translation gives one possible meaning; the sentence provides the context.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 612 b
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