Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
give
| Persons | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd person |
dattām · दत्ताम्
Model form
may he / she / it give
|
dadātām · ददाताम्
Model form
may they both give
|
dadatām · ददताम्
Model form
may they give
|
| 2nd person |
datsva · दत्स्व
Model form
may you give
|
dadāthām · ददाथाम्
Model form
may you both give
|
daddhvam · दद्ध्वम्
Model form
may you give
|
| 1st person |
dadai · ददै
Model form
may I give
|
dadāvahai · ददावहै
Model form
may we both give
|
dadāmahai · ददामहै
Model form
may we give
|
The forms follow Whitney’s formation rules. Compare the highlighted parts to see how each form changes. The translation gives one possible meaning; the sentence provides the context.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 667–668
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