Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
hear
| Persons | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd person |
śrūyatām · श्रूयताम्
Model form
may he / she / it be heard
|
śrūyetām · श्रूयेताम्
Model form
may they both be heard
|
śrūyantām · श्रूयन्ताम्
Model form
may they be heard
|
| 2nd person |
śrūyasva · श्रूयस्व
Model form
may you be heard
|
śrūyethām · श्रूयेथाम्
Model form
may you both be heard
|
śrūyadhvam · श्रूयध्वम्
Model form
may you be heard
|
| 1st person |
śrūyai · श्रूयै
Model form
may I be heard
|
śrūyāvahai · श्रूयावहै
Model form
may we both be heard
|
śrūyāmahai · श्रूयामहै
Model form
may we be heard
|
The forms follow Whitney’s formation rules. Compare the highlighted parts to see how each form changes. The translation gives one possible meaning; the sentence provides the context.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 770 a, 771
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