Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
hate
| Persons | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd person |
dveṣṭu · द्वेष्टु
Model form
may he / she / it hate
|
dviṣṭām · द्विष्टाम्
Model form
may they both hate
|
dviṣantu · द्विषन्तु
Model form
may they hate
|
| 2nd person |
dviḍḍhi · द्विड्ढि
Model form
may you hate
|
dviṣṭam · द्विष्टम्
Model form
may you both hate
|
dviṣṭa · द्विष्ट
Model form
may you hate
|
| 1st person |
dveṣāṇi · द्वेषाणि
Model form
may I hate
|
dveṣāva · द्वेषाव
Model form
may we both hate
|
dveṣāma · द्वेषाम
Model form
may we hate
|
The forms follow Whitney’s formation rules. Compare the highlighted parts to see how each form changes. The translation gives one possible meaning; the sentence provides the context.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 617 b
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