Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
Present participle · middle
| Source form | Derived form | Formation and meaning |
|---|---|---|
| bhū |
bhavamāna · भवमान
Model form |
Present middle participle · stembecomingStudy the corresponding declension |
| duh |
duhāna · दुहान
Model form |
Present middle participle · stemmilkingStudy the corresponding declension |
| dviṣ |
dviṣāṇa · द्विषाण
Model form |
Present middle participle · stemhatingStudy the corresponding declension |
| ās |
āsīna · आसीन
Model form |
Present middle participle · stemsittingStudy the corresponding declension |
| hu |
juhvāna · जुह्वान
Model form |
Present middle participle · stemofferingStudy the corresponding declension |
Here you practise how the form is built from the verb. For participles, you first learn the stem. Follow the links to suitable masculine declension patterns to study their inflected forms.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 619, 655, 741
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