Notes on the forms
You learn each pattern through fixed example words. Model forms follow the rules of the cited grammar; attested forms refer to examples given there. Parasmaipada and Ātmanepada are two sets of personal endings. A form’s meaning depends on its context, and the game offers one possible translation. Highlights help you compare forms. In Vedic tables, you practise the filled cells. Links from participles take you to suitable declension tables.
hate
| Persons | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd person |
dviṣṭe · द्विष्टे
Model form
he / she / it hates
|
dviṣāte · द्विषाते
Model form
they both hate
|
dviṣate · द्विषते
Model form
they hate
|
| 2nd person |
dvikṣe · द्विक्षे
Model form
you hate
|
dviṣāthe · द्विषाथे
Model form
you both hate
|
dviḍḍhve · द्विड्ढ्वे
Model form
you hate
|
| 1st person |
dviṣe · द्विषे
Model form
I hate
|
dviṣvahe · द्विष्वहे
Model form
we both hate
|
dviṣmahe · द्विष्महे
Model form
we hate
|
The forms follow Whitney’s formation rules. Compare the highlighted parts to see how each form changes. The translation gives one possible meaning; the sentence provides the context.
Source: William Dwight Whitney: Sanskrit Grammar (1889), § 612 b
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