Gorakṣaśataka 29–33: Accompanied and Isolated Retention

The second line lists four methods. sūryojjāyī combines sūrya and ujjāyī. The working text contains an unresolved metrical suggestion to insert ca; I retain its main text.

athavā ordinarily means “or”. Because the classification is followed here by descriptions of the individual methods, the German rendering uses “now” as a transition. The English “or rather” retains the particle while conveying that transition. Mallinson (2012, p. 268) likewise understands the passage as announcing the characteristics that follow; the word does not introduce an alternative breathing technique here.

The instruction continues through 33 into the account of breathing in 34. dhanuḥ is a traditional measure of length; no exact modern conversion is established here.